{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T17:21:05Z","timestamp":1762017665362,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]],"date-time":"2013-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The microbiological quality of water from a wastewater treatment plant that uses sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant was assessed. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria were not removed efficiently. This fact allowed for the isolation of several bacterial strains from the effluents. Molecular identification indicated that the strains were related to Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli (three strains), Enterobacter cloacae, Kluyvera cryocrescens (three strains), Kluyvera intermedia, Citrobacter freundii (two strains), Bacillus sp. and Enterobacter sp. The first five strains, which were isolated from the non-chlorinated effluent, were used to test resistance to chlorine disinfection using three sets of variables: disinfectant concentration (8, 20 and 30 mg\u00b7L\u22121), contact time (0, 15 and 30 min) and water temperature (20, 25 and 30 \u00b0C). The results demonstrated that the strains have independent responses to experimental conditions and that the most efficient treatment was an 8 mg\u00b7L\u22121 dose of disinfectant at a temperature of 20 \u00b0C for 30 min. The other eight strains, which were isolated from the chlorinated effluent, were used to analyze inactivation kinetics using the disinfectant at a dose of 15 mg\u00b7L\u22121 with various retention times (0, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 min). The results indicated that during the inactivation process, there was no relationship between removal percentage and retention time and that the strains have no common response to the treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10083363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]],"date-time":"2013-08-06T12:33:17Z","timestamp":1375792397000},"page":"3363-3383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Resistance and Inactivation Kinetics of Bacterial Strains Isolated from the Non-Chlorinated and Chlorinated Effluents  of a WWTP"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8351-8451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"V\u00e1zquez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Beltr\u00e1n-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Prieto-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Miranda-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica,  Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela,  Lugo 27002, Spain"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Franco-Abu\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica,  Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela,  Lugo 27002, Spain"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Ulises","family":"Iturbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Biolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9137-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Coronel-Olivares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas e Ingenier\u00eda, \u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr, Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5 s\/n, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, C.P. 42184, Mexico"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.03.009","article-title":"Continuous monitoring of residual chlorine concentrations in response to controlled microbial intrusions in a laboratory-scale distribution system","volume":"42","author":"Helbling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(99)00179-0","article-title":"UV disinfection of treated wastewater in a large-scale pilot plant and inactivation of selected bacteria in a laboratory UV device","volume":"74","author":"Hassen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bioresour. 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