{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:49:02Z","timestamp":1772254142097,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,21]],"date-time":"2018-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is an invasive mosquito originating from the Asia-Pacific region. This species is of major concern to public and veterinary health because of its vector role in the transmission of several pathogens, such as chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses. In Portugal, a National Vector Surveillance Network (REde de VIgil\u00e2ncia de VEctores\u2014REVIVE) is responsible for the surveillance of autochthonous, but also invasive, mosquito species at points of entry, such as airports, ports, storage areas, and specific border regions with Spain. At these locations, networks of mosquito traps are set and maintained under surveillance throughout the year. In September 2017, Ae. albopictus was detected for the first time in a tyre company located in the North of Portugal. Molecular typing was performed, and a preliminary phylogenetic analysis indicated a high similarity with sequences of Ae. albopictus collected in Europe. A prompt surveillance response was locally implemented to determine its dispersal and abundance, and adult mosquitoes were screened for the presence of arboviral RNA. A total of 103 specimens, 52 immatures and 51 adults, were collected. No pathogenic viruses were detected. Despite the obtained results suggest low abundance of the population locally introduced, the risk of dispersal and potential establishment of Ae. albopictus in Portugal has raised concern for autochthonous mosquito-borne disease outbreaks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T04:44:48Z","timestamp":1524545088000},"page":"820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6704-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo Costa","family":"Os\u00f3rio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Avenida da Liberdade 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Ed. Egas Moniz, Piso 0, Ala C, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7258-1439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edbia","family":"Z\u00e9-Z\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Avenida da Liberdade 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Edificio TecLabs, Campus da FCUL, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Regional de Sa\u00fade do Norte, I.P., Departamento de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Rua Anselmo Braamcamp, 144, 4000-078 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Regional de Sa\u00fade do Norte, I.P., Departamento de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Rua Anselmo Braamcamp, 144, 4000-078 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agrupamento de Centros de Sa\u00fade de Vale de Sousa Sul\u2014Unidade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Avenida Comendador Ab\u00edlio Seabra, 104, 4580-029 Paredes, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agrupamento de Centros de Sa\u00fade de Vale de Sousa Sul\u2014Unidade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Avenida Comendador Ab\u00edlio Seabra, 104, 4580-029 Paredes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0065-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Avenida da Liberdade 5, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Ed. Egas Moniz, Piso 0, Ala C, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2009.05.005","article-title":"Aedes. albopictus, an arbovirus vector: From the darkness to the light","volume":"11","author":"Paupy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.0562","article-title":"Spread of the tiger: Global risk of invasion by the mosquito Aedes. Albopictus","volume":"7","author":"Benedict","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"340","article-title":"Introduction and establishment of Aedes. (Stegomyia.) albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) in Albania","volume":"14","author":"Adhami","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"301","article-title":"Aedes. albopictus in Italy and possible diffusion of the species into the Mediterranean area","volume":"32","author":"Sabatini","year":"1990","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"425","article-title":"Current status of Aedes albopictus and Aedes atropalpus in Italy","volume":"15","author":"Romi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"241","article-title":"Waiting for the tiger: Establishment and spread of the Aedes albopictus mosquito in Europe","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Takken","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerging Pests and Vector-Borne Diseases in Europe"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1262-y","article-title":"Review of ten-years presence of Aedes albopictus in Spain 2004\u20132014: Known distribution and public health concerns","volume":"8","author":"Collantes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.023","article-title":"Updating the known distribution of Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) in Spain 2015","volume":"164","author":"Collantes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"ECDC\u2014European Centre for Disease Control (2017, December 20). Development of Aedes albopictus risk maps\u2014Technical Report. Available online: https:\/\/ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/portal\/files\/media\/en\/publications\/Publications\/0905_TER_Development_of_Aedes_Albopictus_Risk_Maps.pdf."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485315000103","article-title":"An entomological review of invasive mosquitoes in Europe","volume":"105","author":"Medlock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"E071122.2","article-title":"Chikungunya in north-eastern Italy: A summing up of the outbreak","volume":"12","author":"Angelini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calba, C., Guerbois-Galla, M., Franke, F., Jeannin, C., Auzet-Caillaud, M., Grard, G., Pigaglio, L., Decoppet, A., Weicherding, J., and Savaill, M.C. (2017). Preliminary report of an autochthonous chikungunya outbreak in France, July to September 2017. Euro Surveill., 22.","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.39.17-00647"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manica, M., Guzzetta, G., Poletti, P., Filipponi, F., Solimini, A., Caputo, B., Della Torre, A., Ros\u00e0, R., and Merler, S. (2017). Transmission dynamics of the ongoing chikungunya outbreak in Central Italy: From coastal areas to the metropolitan city of Rome, summer 2017. Euro Surveill., 22.","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.44.17-00685"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identification keys of the mosquitoes of Continental Portugal, A\u00e7ores and Madeira","volume":"3","author":"Ribeiro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. Mosq. Bull."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11583","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph111111583","article-title":"Mosquito surveillance for prevention and control of emerging mosquito-borne diseases in Portugal\u20142008\u20142014","volume":"11","author":"Amaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"59","article-title":"(First record of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera, Culicidae) in Madeira Island\u2014Portugal) (Portuguese, English abstract)","volume":"13","author":"Margarita","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol\u00f3gica Portuguesa"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"ECDC\u2014European Centre for Disease Control (2012). Guidelines for the Surveillance of Invasive Mosquitoes in Europe, ECDC. Available online: https:\/\/ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/portal\/files\/media\/en\/publications\/Publications\/TER-Mosquito-surveillance-guidelines.pdf."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Schaffner, F., Anges, G., Geoffroy, B., Hervy, J.P., Rhaiem, A., and Brunhes, J. (2001). The Mosquitoes of Europe: An Identification and Training Programme, IRD."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"294","article-title":"DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates","volume":"3","author":"Folmer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"95","article-title":"BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95\/98\/NT","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Symp. Ser."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool","volume":"215","author":"Altschul","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2016.00208","article-title":"The worldwide spread of the tiger mosquito as revealed by mitogenome haplogroup diversity","volume":"7","author":"Battaglia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 7.0 for Bigger Datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)04576-6","article-title":"Identification of a Kunjin\/West Nile-like flavivirus in brains of patients with New York encephalitis","volume":"354","author":"Briese","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0805.010324","article-title":"Phylogenetic Analysis of a Human Isolate from the 2000 Israel West Nile virus Epidemic","volume":"8","author":"Briese","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"WHO\u2014World Health Organization (2017, September 15). Chikungunya\u2014Italy. Available online: http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/don\/15-september-2017-chikungunya-italy\/en\/."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/15\/4\/820\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:01:37Z","timestamp":1760194897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/15\/4\/820"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,21]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph15040820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15040820","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,21]]}}}