{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T23:11:18Z","timestamp":1777763478825,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Public health recommendations and governmental measures during the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have enforced numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation, and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to mitigate spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on psychosocial health is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020 to elucidate the behavioral and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions. This report presents the preliminary results from more than one thousand responders on social participation and life satisfaction. Methods: Thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western Asia, and the Americas promoted the survey through their networks to the general society, in 7 languages (English, German, French, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, and Slovenian). Questions were presented in a differential format with questions related to responses \u201cbefore\u201d and \u201cduring\u201d confinement conditions. Results: 1047 participations (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%), and others (3%) were included in the analysis. Findings revealed psychosocial strain during the enforced COVID-19 home confinement. Large decreases (p &lt; 0.001) in the amount of social activity through family (\u221258%), friends\/neighbors (\u221244.9%), or entertainment (\u221246.7%) were triggered by the enforced confinement. These negative effects on social participation were also associated with lower life satisfaction (\u221230.5%) during the confinement period. Conversely, the social contact score through digital technologies significantly increased (p &lt; 0.001) during the confinement period with more individuals (+24.8%) being socially connected through digital technology. Conclusion: These preliminary findings elucidate the risk of psychosocial strain during the early COVID-19 home confinement period in 2020. Therefore, in order to mitigate the negative psychosocial effects of home confinement, implementation of national strategies focused on promoting social inclusion through a technology-based solution is strongly suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T09:47:02Z","timestamp":1598521622000},"page":"6237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":330,"title":["COVID-19 Home Confinement Negatively Impacts Social Participation and Life Satisfaction: A Worldwide Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0347-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Achraf","family":"Ammar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR12ES17, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5482-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamdi","family":"Chtourou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2861-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Boukhris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2623-9557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled","family":"Trabelsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"},{"name":"Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"Liwa","family":"Masmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Brach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3692-9482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bassem","family":"Bouaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4720-9181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Bentlage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Daniella","family":"How","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of M\u00fcnster, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Notger","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Hsen","family":"Hsouna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Aloui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Hammouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR12ES17, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3451-5056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laisa","family":"Paineiras-Domingos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Braakman-Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Health &amp; Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Wrede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Health &amp; Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Bastoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, 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Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Zmijewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Apfelbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine and Health Economy, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8901-9450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Steinacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7477-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helmi","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Farhat Hached de Sousse, Laboratoire de Recherche \u201cInsuffisance Cardiaque\u2019\u2019, Universit\u00e9 de Sousse, Sousse LR12SP09, Tunisie"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2563-4291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan","family":"Glenn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Chamari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar and Laboratory \u201cSport Performance Optimization\u201d, (CNMSS), ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6109-7393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarak","family":"Driss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2-2APS), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Hoekelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the ECLB-COVID19 Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00002","article-title":"Social disengagement and incident cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly persons","volume":"131","author":"Bassuk","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. 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