{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T15:24:19Z","timestamp":1768404259106,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]],"date-time":"2020-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This article was supported by National Funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P., within CINTESIS, R&amp;D Unit","award":["(reference UIDB\/4255\/2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(reference UIDB\/4255\/2020)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of the general population, and for healthcare workers (HCWs) it has been no different. Religiosity and spirituality are known coping strategies for mental illnesses, especially in stressful times. This study aimed to describe the role of spiritual-religious coping regarding fear and anxiety in relation to COVID-19 in HCWs in Portugal. A cross-sectional quantitative online survey was performed. Socio-demographic and health data were collected as well as the Duke University Religion Index, Spirituality Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Two hundred and twenty-two HCWs participated in the study, 74.3% were female and 81.1% were physicians. The median age was 37 years (Q1, Q3: 31, 51.3). Religiosity was neither a significant factor for coronavirus-related anxiety nor it was for fear of COVID-19. Participants with higher levels in the hope\/optimism dimension of the Spirituality Scale showed less coronavirus-related anxiety. Female HCWs, non-physicians, and the ones with a previous history of anxiety presented higher levels of fear and\/or anxiety related to COVID-19. HCWs\u2019 levels of distress should be identified and reduced, so their work is not impaired.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18010220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]],"date-time":"2020-12-30T09:35:23Z","timestamp":1609320923000},"page":"220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["COVID-19-Related Fear and Anxiety: Spiritual-Religious Coping in Healthcare Workers in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2849-5194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Prazeres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Family Health Unit Beira Ria, 3830-596 Gafanha da Nazar\u00e9, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0659-5258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edgia","family":"Passos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2264-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Augusto","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Family Health Unit Caminhos do C\u00e9rtoma, 3050-428 Pampilhosa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4692-2003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Family Health Unit Pulsar, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8561-5167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"MEDCIDS\u2014Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1199-2220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"MEDCIDS\u2014Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2020, August 03). 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