{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T14:10:35Z","timestamp":1762956635021,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CISA \u2013 Health Research Center of Angola, Caxito, Bengo, Angola","award":["Project CISA_2017_01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project CISA_2017_01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epidemiological studies have shown conflicting findings on the relationship between asthma, atopy, and intestinal helminth infections. There are no such studies from Angola; therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between asthma, allergic diseases, atopy, and intestinal helminth infection in Angolan schoolchildren. We performed a cross-sectional study of schoolchildren between September and November 2017. Five schools (three urban, two rural) were randomly selected. Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema were defined by appropriate symptoms in the previous 12 months: atopy was defined by positive skin prick tests (SPT) or aeroallergen-specific IgE; intestinal helminths were detected by faecal sample microscopy. In total, 1023 children were evaluated (48.4% female; 57.6% aged 10\u201314 years; 60.5% urban). Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, or eczema were present in 9%, 6%, and 16% of the studies children, respectively. Only 8% of children had positive SPT, but 64% had positive sIgE. Additionally, 40% were infected with any intestinal helminth (A. lumbricoides 25.9%, T. trichiura 7.6%, and H. nana 6.3%). There were no consistent associations between intestinal helminth infections and asthma, allergic diseases, or atopy, except for A. lumbricoides, which was inversely associated with rhinoconjuctivitis and directly associated with aeroallergen-specific IgE. We concluded that, overall, intestinal helminth infections were not consistently associated with allergic symptoms or atopy. Future, preferably longitudinal, studies should collect more detailed information on helminth infections as part of clusters of environmental determinants of allergies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18116156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T13:25:43Z","timestamp":1623072343000},"page":"6156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lack of Consistent Association between Asthma, Allergic Diseases, and Intestinal Helminth Infection in School-Aged Children in the Province of Bengo, Angola"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6611-4260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarete","family":"Arrais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Military Hospital, Luanda 12195, Angola"},{"name":"CISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Angola\/Health Research Center of Angola, Caxito 9999, Angola"}]},{"given":"Of\u00e9lia","family":"Lulua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Military Hospital, Luanda 12195, Angola"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Quifica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Military Hospital, Luanda 12195, Angola"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Rosado-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunoallergology, Hospital da Luz, 1500-650 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3926-580X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge M. R.","family":"Gama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Mathematics and Applications, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George\u2019s University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, 170411 Quito, Ecuador"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6649-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Taborda-Barata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunoallergology, Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre, 6200-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"CICS\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade\/Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6394-658X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Angola\/Health Research Center of Angola, Caxito 9999, Angola"},{"name":"Health and Technology Research Center (H&TRC), The Lisbon Higher School of Health Technology, The Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0170","article-title":"Global burden of asthma among children","volume":"18","author":"Asher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. 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