{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T15:04:02Z","timestamp":1773414242089,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Connected health is expected to introduce an improvement in providing healthcare and doctor-patient communication while at the same time reducing cost. Connected health would introduce an even more significant gap between healthcare quality for urban areas with physical proximity and better communication to providers and the portion of rural areas with numerous connectivity issues. We identify these challenges using user scenarios and propose LoRa based architecture for addressing these challenges. We focus on the energy management of battery-powered, affordable IoT devices for long-term operation, providing important information about the care receivers\u2019 well-being. Using an external ultra-low-power timer, we extended the battery life in the order of tens of times, compared to relying on low power modes of the microcontroller.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18147660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T10:07:37Z","timestamp":1626689257000},"page":"7660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Rural Healthcare IoT Architecture Based on Low-Energy LoRa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2744-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ace","family":"Dimitrievski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0034-2855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja","family":"Filiposka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2108-5018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Jos\u00e9","family":"Melero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technological Centre of Furniture and Wood of the Region of Murcia (CETEM), 30510 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Telecommunication Networks Engineering Group, Technical University of Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7664-0168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eftim","family":"Zdravevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5336-1796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petre","family":"Lameski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3394-6762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan Miguel","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Computer Science Department, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal"},{"name":"UICISA:E Research Centre, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3195-3168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno M.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5757-5441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Paulo","family":"Lousado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISeD Research Centre in Digital Services, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8103-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Trajkovik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ss. 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