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WRRFs contribute to a circular economy by not only producing clean water but by recovering valuable resources such as nutrients, energy, and other bio-based materials. To this aim, huge efforts in technological progress have been made to valorize sewage and sewage sludge, transforming them into valuable resources. This review summarizes some of the widely used and effective strategies applied at pilot- and full-scale settings in order to valorize the wastewater treatment process. An overview of the different technologies applied in the water and sludge line is presented, covering a broad range of resources, i.e., water, biomass, energy, nutrients, volatile fatty acids (VFA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and exopolymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, guidelines and regulations around the world related to water reuse and resource valorization are reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T21:28:45Z","timestamp":1631136525000},"page":"9466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Wastewater Valorization: Practice around the World at Pilot- and Full-Scale"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8360-1404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anouk F.","family":"Duque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 1099-085 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 1099-085 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4705-7090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Campo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DICEA\u2014Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Firenze, Via di S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2637-0072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeles","family":"Val del Rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, CRETUS Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, R\u00faa Lope G\u00f3mez de Marzoa s\/n, E-15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6756-552X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina L.","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"OECD (2012). OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050, OECD. 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