{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:12:49Z","timestamp":1773839569478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04748\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04748\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to analyze anthropometric and body composition effects in professional soccer women players across the early and mid-competitive 2019\/20 season. Seventeen players (age, height, body mass, and body mass index of 22.7 \u00b1 6.3 years, 167.5 \u00b1 5.6 cm, 60.7 \u00b1 6.6 kg and 21.6 \u00b1 0.2 kg\/m2) from a Portuguese BPI League team participated in this study. The participants completed \u226580% of 57 training sessions and 13 matches. They were assessed at three points (before the start of the season (A1), after two months (A2), and after four months (A3)) using the following variables: body fat mass (BFM), soft lean mass (SLM), fat-free mass (FFM), intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), total body water (TBW), and phase angle (PhA, 50 Khz), through InBody S10. Nutritional intake was determined through a questionnaire. Repeated measures ANCOVA and effect sizes (ES) were used with p &lt; 0.05. The main results occurred between A1 and A2 for BFM (\u221221.7%, ES = 1.58), SLM (3.7%, ES = 1.24), FFM (4%, ES = 1.34), ICW (4.2%, ES = 1.41), TBW (3.7%, ES = 1.04). Furthermore, there were significant results between A1 and A3 for FFM (4.8%, ES = 1.51), ICW (5%, ES = 1.68), and PhA (10.4%, ES = 6.64). The results showed that the water parameters improved over time, which led to healthy hydration statuses. The training load structure provided sufficient stimulus for appropriate physical fitness development, without causing negative disturbances in the water compartments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182212023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T11:32:03Z","timestamp":1637062323000},"page":"12023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["In-Season Body Composition Effects in Professional Women Soccer Players"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6671-6229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science School of Rio Maior\u2013Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6413-5268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2447-7829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science School of Rio Maior\u2013Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1524-5601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science School of Rio Maior\u2013Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7951-8977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadi","family":"Nobari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran"},{"name":"HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"},{"name":"Sports Scientist, Sepahan Football Club, Isfahan 81887-78473, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9813-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe Manuel","family":"Clemente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun\u2019\u00c1lvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Delega\u00e7\u00e3o da Covilh\u00e3, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4357-4269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science School of Rio Maior\u2013Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000054","article-title":"Strength and conditioning for soccer players","volume":"36","author":"Turner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Strength Cond. 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