{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T02:21:48Z","timestamp":1777515708465,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV","award":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"]}]},{"name":"the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)\/Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"]}]},{"name":"FCT and BiodivRestore Joint Call 2020\u20132021\u2014European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT and BiodivRestore Joint Call 2020\u20132021\u2014European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT and BiodivRestore Joint Call 2020\u20132021\u2014European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT and BiodivRestore Joint Call 2020\u20132021\u2014European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"]}]},{"name":"FCT and BiodivRestore Joint Call 2020\u20132021\u2014European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101003777-BiodivRestore-406\/DivRestore\/0002\/2020-BioReset"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/109153\/2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plastics have been one of the most useful materials in the world, due to their distinguishing characteristics: light weight, strength, flexibility, and good durability. In recent years, the growing consumption of plastics in industries and domestic applications has revealed a serious problem in plastic waste treatments. Pollution by microplastics has been recognized as a serious threat since it may contaminate all ecosystems, including oceans, terrestrial compartments, and the atmosphere. This micropollutant is spread in all types of environments and is serving as a \u201cminor but efficient\u201d vector for carrier contaminants such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The need to deeply study and update the evolution of microplastic sources, toxicology, extraction and analysis, and behavior is imperative. This review presents an actual state of microplastics, addressing their presence in the environment, the toxicological effects and the need to understand their extent, their interactions with toxic pollutants, the problems that arise in the definition of analytical methods, and the possible alternatives of treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T13:10:26Z","timestamp":1651756226000},"page":"5610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Microplastic Pollution Focused on Sources, Distribution, Contaminant Interactions, Analytical Methods, and Wastewater Removal Strategies: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9045-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia D.","family":"Martinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAVQ\u2014Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto\u2014Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3979-7523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virg\u00ednia Cruz","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAVQ\u2014Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto\u2014Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8548-2528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f3nia A.","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAVQ\u2014Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto\u2014Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3924-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Delerue-Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAVQ\u2014Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto\u2014Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0311","article-title":"Plastics recycling: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"364","author":"Hopewell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.105745","article-title":"Recycling of landfill wastes (tyres, plastics and glass) in construction\u2014A review on global waste generation, performance, application and future opportunities","volume":"173","author":"Ferdous","year":"2021","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025","article-title":"Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review","volume":"62","author":"Cole","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.04.003","article-title":"Interaction of toxic chemicals with microplastics: A critical review","volume":"139","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.02.013","article-title":"Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions","volume":"102","author":"Auta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2009.04.025","article-title":"Contributing to marine pollution by washing your face: Microplastics in facial cleansers","volume":"58","author":"Fendall","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05905","article-title":"Microplastics Alter the Properties and Sinking Rates of Zooplankton Faecal Pellets","volume":"50","author":"Cole","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfas-2014-0281","article-title":"Microplastic pollution in St. Lawrence River sediments","volume":"71","author":"Avlijas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eriksen, M., Lebreton, L.C., Carson, H.S., Thiel, M., Moore, C.J., Borerro, J.C., Galgani, F., Ryan, P.G., and Reisser, J. (2014). Plastic Pollution in the World\u2019s Oceans: More than 5 Trillion Plastic Pieces Weighing over 250,000 Tons Afloat at Sea. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111913"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134455","article-title":"Environmental exposure to microplastics: An overview on possible human health effects","volume":"702","author":"Prata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1126\/science.178.4062.749","article-title":"Polystyrene spherules in coastal waters","volume":"178","author":"Carpenter","year":"1972","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1126\/science.185.4150.491","article-title":"Plastic particles in surface waters of the northwestern atlantic","volume":"185","author":"Colton","year":"1974","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(87)80020-6","article-title":"Marine debris and northern fur seals a case study","volume":"18","author":"Fowler","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.07.025","article-title":"Synthetic polymers in the marine environment: A rapidly increasing, long-term threat","volume":"108","author":"Moore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(02)00220-5","article-title":"The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris a review","volume":"44","author":"Derraik","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.05.030","article-title":"Microplastics in the marine environment","volume":"62","author":"Andrady","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.07.209","article-title":"Microplastics as contaminants in the soil environment: A mini-review","volume":"691","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.190","article-title":"Microplastics in freshwater and terrestrial environments: Evaluating the current understanding to identify the knowledge gaps and future research priorities","volume":"586","author":"Horton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134968","article-title":"Microplastics in the environment: A DPSIR analysis with focus on the responses","volume":"718","author":"Miranda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-015-0069-y","article-title":"Microplastics in the aquatic and terrestrial environment: Sources (with a specific focus on personal care products), fate and effects","volume":"28","author":"Duis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Eur."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coesh.2017.10.006","article-title":"Fate and occurrence of micro(nano)plastics in soils: Knowledge gaps and possible risks","volume":"1","author":"Hurley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Environ. Sci. Health"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143872","article-title":"Potential human health risks due to environmental exposure to nano- and microplastics and knowledge gaps","volume":"757","author":"Rahman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.05.068","article-title":"Microplastics in marine sediments near Rothera Research Station, Antarctica","volume":"133","author":"Reed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.10.007","article-title":"Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes","volume":"77","author":"Eriksen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.07.083","article-title":"Influence of wastewater treatment plant discharges on microplastic concentrations in surface water","volume":"162","author":"Estahbanati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.10.039","article-title":"Distribution and potential health impacts of microplastics and microrubbers in air and street dusts from Asaluyeh County, Iran","volume":"244","author":"Abbasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kosuth, M., Mason, S.A., and Wattenberg, E.V. (2018). Anthropogenic contamination of tap water, beer, and sea salt. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194970"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.104938","article-title":"Leaching of endocrine disrupting chemicals from marine microplastics and mesoplastics under common life stress conditions","volume":"130","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.109788","article-title":"Defense responses in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to low-density polyethylene microplastics in soils","volume":"187","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.110910","article-title":"Microplastics in waters and soils: Occurrence, analytical methods and ecotoxicological effects","volume":"202","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lionetto, F., and Esposito Corcione, C. (2021). An Overview of the Sorption Studies of Contaminants on Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Microplastics in the Marine Environment. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse9040445"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126612","article-title":"Removal of microplastics via drinking water treatment: Current knowledge and future directions","volume":"251","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144026","article-title":"Treated wastewater reuse for irrigation: Pros and cons","volume":"760","author":"Ofori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11494","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08104-9","article-title":"A review of microplastics in the aquatic environmental: Distribution, transport, ecotoxicology, and toxicological mechanisms","volume":"27","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125491","article-title":"Adsorption behavior and mechanism of five pesticides on microplastics from agricultural polyethylene films","volume":"244","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112207","article-title":"Adsorption behavior of organic pollutants on microplastics","volume":"217","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135978","article-title":"Interaction of chemical contaminants with microplastics: Principles and perspectives","volume":"706","author":"Bhagwat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1002\/ieam.1904","article-title":"Microplastics as vectors for environmental contaminants: Exploring sorption, desorption, and transfer to biota","volume":"13","author":"Hartmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2018.11.038","article-title":"Significance of interactions between microplastics and POPs in the marine environment: A critical overview","volume":"111","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Weber, J. (1972). Physicochemical Process for Water Quality Control, Wiley."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teac.2021.e00114","article-title":"Organic pollutants adsorbed on microplastics: Analytical methodologies and occurrence in oceans","volume":"29","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Environ. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.110490","article-title":"Sorption of tri-n-butyl phosphate and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate on polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride microplastics in seawater","volume":"149","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.05.050","article-title":"Sorption of polybrominated diphenyl ethers by microplastics","volume":"145","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.07.095","article-title":"Comparative analysis on the sorption kinetics and isotherms of fipronil on nondegradable and biodegradable microplastics","volume":"254","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.07.176","article-title":"Adsorption behavior of three triazole fungicides on polystyrene microplastics","volume":"691","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.04.155","article-title":"Sorption of sulfamethoxazole onto six types of microplastics","volume":"228","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123808","article-title":"Biofilm alters tetracycline and copper adsorption behaviors onto polyethylene microplastics","volume":"392","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128556","article-title":"Adsorption of three pesticides on polyethylene microplastics in aqueous solutions: Kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, and molecular dynamics simulation","volume":"264","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126176","article-title":"The effect of microplastics on behaviors of chiral imidazolinone herbicides in the aquatic environment: Residue, degradation and distribution","volume":"418","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.07.034","article-title":"Sorption of polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCs) to microplastics","volume":"146","author":"Qiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1039\/C6AY02707E","article-title":"A review of analytical techniques for quantifying microplastics in sediments","volume":"9","author":"Hanvey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.122517","article-title":"The influence of polyethylene microplastics on pesticide residue and degradation in the aquatic environment","volume":"394","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12254","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b02664","article-title":"Shift in Mass Transfer of Wastewater Contaminants from Microplastics in the Presence of Dissolved Substances","volume":"51","author":"Seidensticker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59416","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11875-w","article-title":"Adsorption mechanisms of chlorobenzenes and trifluralin on primary polyethylene microplastics in the aquatic environment","volume":"28","author":"Tubic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-018-0155-z","article-title":"A combined experimental and modeling study to evaluate pH-dependent sorption of polar and non-polar compounds to polyethylene and polystyrene microplastics","volume":"30","author":"Seidensticker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Eur."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113066","article-title":"Sorption and desorption of organic UV filters onto microplastics in single and multi-solute systems","volume":"254","author":"Ho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.09.122","article-title":"Enhanced adsorption of oxytetracycline to weathered microplastic polystyrene: Kinetics, isotherms and influencing factors","volume":"243","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.11.100","article-title":"Sorption behavior and mechanism of hydrophilic organic chemicals to virgin and aged microplastics in freshwater and seawater","volume":"246","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2020.100971","article-title":"Adsorptive interaction of antibiotic ciprofloxacin on polyethylene microplastics: Implications for vector transport in water","volume":"19","author":"Atugoda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.06.100","article-title":"Sorption properties of tylosin on four different microplastics","volume":"209","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137729","article-title":"Interfacial interaction between diverse microplastics and tetracycline by adsorption in an aqueous solution","volume":"721","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.110511","article-title":"Sorption of antibiotics onto aged microplastics in freshwater and seawater","volume":"149","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123363","article-title":"Investigation on the adsorption and desorption behaviors of antibiotics by degradable MPs with or without UV ageing process","volume":"401","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.09.048","article-title":"Sorption and desorption of selected pharmaceuticals by polyethylene microplastics","volume":"136","author":"Razanajatovo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-020-02784-2","article-title":"Adsorption and Desorption of Steroid Hormones by Microplastics in Seawater","volume":"107","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.09.025","article-title":"Sorption of three synthetic musks by microplastics","volume":"126","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.05.116","article-title":"Effects of particle size and solution chemistry on Triclosan sorption on polystyrene microplastic","volume":"231","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113104","article-title":"Effect of microplastic size on the adsorption behavior and mechanism of triclosan on polyvinyl chloride","volume":"254","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.127947","article-title":"Comparison of adsorption and desorption of triclosan between microplastics and soil particles","volume":"263","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23027","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-05643-8","article-title":"Effects of soil environmental factors and UV aging on Cu(2+) adsorption on microplastics","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.126989","article-title":"Surfactant changes lead adsorption behaviors and mechanisms on microplastics","volume":"405","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113363","article-title":"The potential of microplastics as carriers of metals","volume":"255","author":"Godoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128624","article-title":"Mechanism analysis of heavy metal lead captured by natural-aged microplastics","volume":"270","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2011.08.052","article-title":"Adsorption of trace metals to plastic resin pellets in the marine environment","volume":"160","author":"Holmes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1071\/EN14143","article-title":"Adsorption of trace metals by microplastic pellets in fresh water","volume":"12","author":"Turner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Chem."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126064","article-title":"Adsorption of three bivalent metals by four chemical distinct microplastics","volume":"248","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2019.01.014","article-title":"Sampling techniques and preparation methods for microplastic analyses in the aquatic environment\u2014A review","volume":"113","author":"Stock","year":"2019","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11886","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00178","article-title":"Chemical Analysis of Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Challenges, Advanced Methods, and Perspectives","volume":"121","author":"Ivleva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2018.12.013","article-title":"Micro(nano)plastics\u2014Analytical challenges towards risk evaluation","volume":"111","author":"Reis","year":"2019","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.4319\/lom.2012.10.524","article-title":"A novel, highly efficient method for the separation and quantification of plastic particles in sediments of aquatic environments","volume":"10","author":"Imhof","year":"2012","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1071\/EN14172","article-title":"Beyond the ocean: Contamination of freshwater ecosystems with (micro-)plastic particles","volume":"12","author":"Dris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Chem."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.03.009","article-title":"New techniques for the detection of microplastics in sediments and field collected organisms","volume":"70","author":"Claessens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f6der, M.G.J., and Gerdts, G. (2015). Methodology Used for the Detection and Identification of Microplastics\u2014A Critical Appraisal, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16510-3_8"},{"key":"ref_84","unstructured":"Frias, J., Pagter, E., Nash, R., and O\u2019Connor, I. (2018). Standardised Protocol for Monitoring Microplastics in Sediments. JPI Oceans."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.12.002","article-title":"Efficient microplastics extraction from sand. A cost effective methodology based on sodium iodide recycling","volume":"115","author":"Kedzierski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126790","article-title":"Research progress in sources, analytical methods, eco-environmental effects, and control measures of microplastics","volume":"254","author":"Gong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwon, J.H., Kim, J.W., Pham, T.D., Tarafdar, A., Hong, S., Chun, S.H., Lee, S.H., Kang, D.Y., Kim, J.Y., and Kim, S.B. (2020). Microplastics in Food: A Review on Analytical Methods and Challenges. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186710"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106274","article-title":"Plasticenta: First evidence of microplastics in human placenta","volume":"146","author":"Ragusa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107199","article-title":"Discovery and quantification of plastic particle pollution in human blood","volume":"163","author":"Leslie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154907","article-title":"Detection of microplastics in human lung tissue using muFTIR spectroscopy","volume":"831","author":"Jenner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6044","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b01339","article-title":"Microplastics Can Change Soil Properties and Affect Plant Performance","volume":"53","author":"Lau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EN00412A","article-title":"Polystyrene (nano)microplastics cause size-dependent neurotoxicity, oxidative damage and other adverse effects inCaenorhabditis elegans","volume":"5","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Nano"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.02.067","article-title":"Soil microplastics inhibit the movement of springtail species","volume":"126","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1700782","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1700782","article-title":"Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made","volume":"3","author":"Geyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3184\/003685018X15294876706211","article-title":"Plastic pollution and potential solutions","volume":"101","author":"Rhodes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Prog."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-020-02820-1","article-title":"Characteristics of Plastic Pollution in the Environment: A Review","volume":"107","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25970","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09015-5","article-title":"Global distribution of microplastics and its impact on marine environment-a review","volume":"27","author":"Ajith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.08.057","article-title":"A large-scale investigation of microplastic contamination: Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in European beach sediment","volume":"123","author":"Lots","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21264","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-05341-5","article-title":"Microplastic distribution in surface sediments along the Spanish Mediterranean continental shelf","volume":"26","author":"Filgueiras","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.124593","article-title":"Microplastics in an urban wastewater treatment plant: The influence of physicochemical parameters and environmental factors","volume":"238","author":"Bayo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2012.01.011","article-title":"Neustonic microplastic and zooplankton in the North Western Mediterranean Sea","volume":"64","author":"Collignon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2017.11.010","article-title":"Occurrence of microplastics in surface waters of the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea)","volume":"163","author":"Schmidt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.06.016","article-title":"Abundance and characterization of microplastics in the coastal waters of Tuscany (Italy): The application of the MSFD monitoring protocol in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"133","author":"Baini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.110753","article-title":"Environmental status of (micro)plastics contamination in Portugal","volume":"200","author":"Prata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.09.028","article-title":"Plastic marine debris on the Portuguese coastline: A matter of size?","volume":"62","author":"Martins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5800","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05416","article-title":"Wastewater Treatment Works (WwTW) as a Source of Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment","volume":"50","author":"Murphy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.10.074","article-title":"Reducing microplastics from facial exfoliating cleansers in wastewater through treatment versus consumer product decisions","volume":"101","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EW00397B","article-title":"Microplastics removal in wastewater treatment plants: A critical review","volume":"6","author":"Iyare","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.02.431","article-title":"Microplastics in drinking water treatment\u2014Current knowledge and research needs","volume":"667","author":"Novotna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.01.002","article-title":"Transport and fate of microplastic particles in wastewater treatment plants","volume":"91","author":"Carr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.01.049","article-title":"Occurrence, identification and removal of microplastic particles and fibers in conventional activated sludge process and advanced MBR technology","volume":"133","author":"Lares","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.07.005","article-title":"Solutions to microplastic pollution\u2014Removal of microplastics from wastewater effluent with advanced wastewater treatment technologies","volume":"123","author":"Talvitie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6709","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b00222","article-title":"Analysis and Prevention of Microplastics Pollution in Water: Current Perspectives and Future Directions","volume":"4","author":"Pico","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Omega."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201912111","article-title":"Water Purification and Microplastics Removal Using Magnetic Polyoxometalate-Supported Ionic Liquid Phases (magPOM-SILPs)","volume":"59","author":"Misra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.126804","article-title":"Removal of microplastics from aqueous solutions by magnetic carbon nanotubes","volume":"406","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.10.032","article-title":"A comprehensive review of electrocoagulation for water treatment: Potentials and challenges","volume":"186","author":"Moussa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.122955","article-title":"Effects of microplastics on wastewater and sewage sludge treatment and their removal: A review","volume":"382","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3357","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.7b02037","article-title":"Removal of Microbeads from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation","volume":"3","author":"Perren","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15226","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-1981-7","article-title":"A new approach for the agglomeration and subsequent removal of polyethylene, polypropylene, and mixtures of both from freshwater systems\u2014A case study","volume":"25","author":"Herbort","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.8b00671","article-title":"Magnetic Extraction of Microplastics from Environmental Samples","volume":"6","author":"Grbic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149838","article-title":"Removal of microplastics from water by magnetic nano-Fe3O4","volume":"802","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422676","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2017.1422676","article-title":"Therapeutic biomaterials based on extracellular vesicles: Classification of bio-engineering and mimetic preparation routes","volume":"7","author":"Matos","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.01.239","article-title":"Dynamic membrane for micro-particle removal in wastewater treatment: Performance and influencing factors","volume":"627","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/9\/5610\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:06:18Z","timestamp":1760137578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/9\/5610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph19095610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19095610","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]}}}