{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:23:03Z","timestamp":1771492983278,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bedridden patients usually stay in bed for long periods, presenting several problems caused by immobility, leading to a long recovery process. Thus, identifying physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility requires urgent research. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to map existing physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility, the rehabilitation domains, the devices used, the parameters accessed, and the context in which these programs were performed. This scoping review, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute\u2019s (JBI) methodology and conducted in different databases (including grey literature), identified 475 articles, of which 27 were included in this review. The observed contexts included research institutes, hospitals, rehabilitation units, nursing homes, long-term units, and palliative care units. Most of the programs were directed to the musculoskeletal domain, predominantly toward the lower limbs. The devices used included lower limb mobilization, electrical stimulation, inclined planes, and cycle ergometers. Most of the evaluated parameters were musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, or vital signs. The variability of the programs, domains, devices and parameters found in this scoping review revealed no uniformity, a consequence of the personalization and individualization of care, which makes the development of a standard intervention program challenging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19116420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T08:41:33Z","timestamp":1653468093000},"page":"6420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Physical Rehabilitation Programs for Bedridden Patients with Prolonged Immobility: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4610-2697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remy","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0050-5004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor","family":"Parola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portugal Centre for Evidence Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence (PCEBP), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6843-6228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portugal Centre for Evidence Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence (PCEBP), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2110-7483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Bernardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipa Margarida","family":"Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portugal Centre for Evidence Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence (PCEBP), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carla A.","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6609-3639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Caetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Cova da Beira (CHUCB), 6200 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Petronilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Minho, 4710 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2297-0636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3500 Viseu, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8914-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana B.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0012-4380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e2ndida","family":"Mal\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering (ISEC), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra (IPC), 3030 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRSP), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (IPL), 2430 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4643-7035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00faben","family":"Dur\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORTHOS SSI, Unipessoal LDA, 4809 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0864-0809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WISEWARE, Lda., 3830 \u00cdlhavo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3880-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Parreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3050-4264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ap\u00f3stolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portugal Centre for Evidence Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence (PCEBP), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3254-3176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arm\u00e9nio","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pereira, F., Carvalho, V., Soares, F., Machado, J., Bezerra, K., Silva, R., and Matos, D. 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