{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T07:08:35Z","timestamp":1775027315300,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lockdown resulting from the pandemic led to a change in the health habits of the computer workers community. Sedentary work, together with less active lifestyles, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic leads to impacts on physical activity (PA) and can contribute to the development of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS). Aim(s): Understand the effects of lockdown on the perception of physical activity levels and on the perception of frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms, over periods of 12 months and 7 days, in computer workers. Methods: Longitudinal comparative study between 2019 (M1) and 2021 (M2), over 18 months, in 40 volunteer participants. The inclusion criteria were full-time workers aged between 18 and 65 and the exclusion criteria included diagnosis of non-work-related medical conditions. In addition to a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) was used to evaluate the MSS and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), was used to analyse the perception of the level of PA. These questionnaires were used in two assessment stages (M1 and M2). McNemar test and Wilcoxon paired test were used to evaluate the effect of lockdown on the perception of PA, and on the perception of frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: The MSS prevalence in the previous 12 months increased significantly in the neck (M1: 45.0%, M2: 62.5%, p = 0.046), in the shoulders (M1: 37.5%, M2: 55.0%, p = 0.033), and in the hands\/wrists (M1: 25.0%, M2: 45.0%, p = 0.019). The mean pain score increased in the shoulders (1.43 \u00b1 2.24, 2.35 \u00b1 2.55, p = 0.003) and in the elbows (0.18 \u00b1 0.59, 0.60 \u00b1 1.34, p = 0.015). No differences were found in the PA between M1 and M2, but the weekly mean sitting time increased from 4.75 \u00b1 2.26 to 6.26 \u00b1 2.65 (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: After 18 months it became clear that MSS perception increased mainly in the neck, shoulders and hands\/wrists with a significant increase in pain intensity in the shoulder and elbow regions. The weekly sitting time increased significantly. Further studies are needed in order to determine the impact of teleworking in a pandemic context. But multifactor behind these results should be taken into account by health institutions and those responsible for the Prevention of Occupational Risks in Computer Workers in order to adopt educational strategies for the promotion of Physical activity (PA), in these workers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19127311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T23:50:14Z","timestamp":1655250614000},"page":"7311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Perception of Physical Activity and on the Perception of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Computer Workers: Comparative Longitudinal Study Design"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1585-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICBAS, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ESS IPVC, Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-314 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"},{"name":"CBSin\u2014Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4000-105 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Bego\u00f1a","family":"Criado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBSin\u2014Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4000-105 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"TOXRUN\u2014Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1685-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Salom\u00e9","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESS IPVC, Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-314 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"},{"name":"UICISA: E\u2014Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Portugal School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-314 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4570-5445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICBAS, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CBSin\u2014Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4000-105 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LABIOMEP\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Biomec\u00e2nica do Porto, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4543-0798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESDL IPVC, Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun\u2019\u00c1lvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melga\u00e7o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESS PPorto\u2014Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIR\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o, ESS P, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3306-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESS PPorto\u2014Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIR\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o, ESS P, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CESPU\u2014Departamento de Tecnologias de Diagn\u00f3stico e Terap\u00eautica, Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade do Vale do Sousa, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Sa\u00fade do Norte (IPSN), 4585-116 Paredes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3548-700X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Clara","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESS PPorto\u2014Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIR\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Reabilita\u00e7\u00e3o, ESS P, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CESPU\u2014Departamento de Tecnologias de Diagn\u00f3stico e Terap\u00eautica, Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade do Vale do Sousa, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Sa\u00fade do Norte (IPSN), 4585-116 Paredes, Portugal"},{"name":"CIAFEL\u2014Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto (FADEUP), Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Eurostat, E.C. 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