{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T12:23:51Z","timestamp":1764937431686,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00151\/2020 C-MAST","UIDB\/04131\/2020 CISE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00151\/2020 C-MAST","UIDB\/04131\/2020 CISE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Developing new manual computer pointing devices abiding to the requirements set out in ergonomic product design literature necessitates joining contributions from several areas, including the ergonomic guidelines applicable to hand tool design, human\u2013system interaction, and certain user characteristics such as anthropometric data. Computer mice are hand tools enabling the interaction with the computer, for use by people from both sexes and practically all ages. Moreover, the PC mouse\u2019s intensive usage is able to cause musculoskeletal disorders. This paper reports on a study aimed at developing new computer mouse shapes, reducing forearm pronation, and providing hand\u2013palm holding, supported by a literature review and an adequate design methodology, starting from known shapes of commercial products, the traditional (horizontal) computer mouse, and the vertical computer mouse. In this regard, potential concepts were generated as solutions to the previously specified problem through a set of creative tasks based on the specifications. Four new shapes were proposed to be evaluated through an assessment matrix; as a result, two new PC mice geometries were designed and fully prototyped. This study also reports on selected results of usability and an electromyographic evaluation of the prototypes against three commercial PC mice (horizontal, slanted, and vertical) by a sample of 20 participants, supporting validation of the development process and the newly developed geometries, with emphasis on the slanted conical innovative shape.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T22:50:46Z","timestamp":1656888646000},"page":"8126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Design Contribution to Ergonomic PC Mice Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Miguel L.","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Scientific Unit of Engineering and Technology, Research Unit for Inland Development, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal"},{"name":"CMAST\u2014Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technology, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9486-0631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui A.","family":"Pitarma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Scientific Unit of Engineering and Technology, Research Unit for Inland Development, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal"},{"name":"CISE\u2014Electromechatronic Systems Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9759-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis A.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Supply Chain and Operations Management Department, School of Engineering, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping University, 55111 J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20674","article-title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating an Alternative Mouse or Forearm Support on Change in Median and Ulnar Nerve Motor Latency at the Wrist","volume":"52","author":"Conlon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. 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