{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T08:30:45Z","timestamp":1777365045430,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Vaccine hesitancy decreases adult vaccination coverage and has been recognized by WHO as a major health threat. Primary care physicians (PCP) play a key role in vaccination by giving vaccine counselling to their patients. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and barriers (KBAB) associated with own vaccination and patient recommendation in primary care physicians. Methods: MEDLINE\/PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were used to search and identify relevant studies based on their title and abstract. In the next step, the full text of each previously selected article was read for eligibility. Articles were selected by two independent reviewers and data extraction was performed using tables. The following information was extracted: methodological characteristics, demographic factors, professional characteristics, and intrinsic or extrinsic factors influencing vaccination or recommendation. Results: Our search yielded 41 eligible papers, data-sources, previous practices, belief in the effectiveness or safety of the vaccine, perceived risk, and trust in health authorities were all shown to be related to own vaccination and patient recommendation. Conclusion: Internet is the main source of information for PCP related to vaccine hesitancy. It is therefore essential to increase the presence and access to pro-vaccination content in this area. In addition, involving PCP in the establishment of vaccination recommendations could improve their credibility in the institutions. On the other hand, training in communication skills and establishing reminder systems could reflect higher vaccination coverage among their patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192113872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T21:58:06Z","timestamp":1666735086000},"page":"13872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Understanding Primary Care Physician Vaccination Behaviour: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4066-7718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngela","family":"Prieto-Campo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4703-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7661-8972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"L\u00f3pez-Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0169-3788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Roque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), Avenida Dr. Francisco S\u00e1 Carneiro, No. 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal"},{"name":"Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico da Guarda Rua da Cadeia, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0500-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Herdeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5766-8672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adolfo","family":"Figueiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0648-7716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maruxa","family":"Zapata-Cachafeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.26797","article-title":"Adult immunization: The need to address","volume":"10","author":"Mehta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weniger, B.G., and Papania, M.J. (2013). Alternative vaccine delivery methods. Vaccines, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-0090-5.00063-X"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1159\/000504486","article-title":"Strategies to Improve Vaccine Uptake throughout Adulthood","volume":"43","author":"Ecarnot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Interdiscip. Top Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1157\/13063047","article-title":"Adult vaccination update","volume":"22","author":"Arribas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.10.023","article-title":"Strengthening global vaccine access for adolescents and adults","volume":"35","author":"Nanni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e504","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30227-2","article-title":"The online anti-vaccine movement in the age of COVID-19","volume":"2","author":"Burki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Digit. Health"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021, June 28). Ten threats to global health in 2019. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/es\/news-room\/spotlight\/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, October 14). Immunization Agenda 2030: A Global Strategy To Leave No One Behind. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/immunization-agenda-2030-a-global-strategy-to-leave-no-one-behind."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0009.2005.00409.x","article-title":"Contribution of primary care to health systems and health","volume":"83","author":"Starfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"Milbank Q."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.076","article-title":"Vaccination policies for health-care workers in acute health-care facilities in Europe","volume":"29","author":"Maltezou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1185","article-title":"Vaccines provided by family physicians","volume":"8","author":"Schoof","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Fam. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00223-7","article-title":"Importance of patients\u2019 perceptions and general practitioners\u2019 recommendations in understanding missed opportunities for immunisations in Swiss adults","volume":"19","author":"Bovier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Godoy, P., Castilla, J., Mayoral, J.M., Mart\u00edn, V., Astray, J., Torner, N., Toledo, D., Soldevila, N., Gonz\u00e1lez-Candelas, F., and Garc\u00eda, S. (2015). Influenza vaccination of primary healthcare physicians may be associated with vaccination in their patients: A vaccination coverage study. BMC Fam. Pract., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-015-0259-0"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.10.042","article-title":"Vaccine hesitancy and healthcare providers","volume":"34","author":"Paterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, C., Mullen, J., Smith, D., Kaplan, S.J., and Tu, P. (2021). Healthcare Providers\u2019 Vaccine Perceptions, Hesitancy, and Recommendation to Patients: A Systematic Review. Vaccines, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9070713"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herzog, R., \u00c1lvarez-Pasquin, M.J., D\u00edaz, C., Del Barrio, J.L., Estrada, J.M., and Gil, \u00c1. (2013). Are healthcare workers\u2019 intentions to vaccinate related to their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes? A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 13.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-154"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041360","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2022.2041360","article-title":"Factors influencing healthcare professionals\u2019 confidence in vaccination in Europe: A literature review","volume":"18","author":"Pavlovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1138024","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of general practitioners\/family physicians toward their own vaccination: A systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Collange","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration","volume":"62","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.12.013","article-title":"No clear choice between Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies to assess methodological quality in cross-sectional studies of health-related quality of life and breast cancer","volume":"120","author":"Moskalewicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1921523","article-title":"Online study of health professionals about their vaccination attitudes and behaviour in the COVID-19 era: Addressing participation bias","volume":"17","author":"Verger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3408","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1943990","article-title":"Changes in general practitioners\u2019 attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination after first interim results: A longitudinal approach in France","volume":"17","author":"Verger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arlt, J., Flaegel, K., Goetz, K., and Steinhaeuser, J. (2021). Regional differences in general practitioners\u2019 behaviours regarding influenza vaccination: A cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv. Res., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06177-x"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.04.052","article-title":"Barriers and drivers to adult vaccination among family physicians\u2014Insights for tailoring the immunization program in Germany","volume":"38","author":"Neufeind","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1732728","article-title":"Influenza vaccination among Dutch general practitioners and their attitude toward influenza vaccination in the elderly","volume":"16","author":"Verhees","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"71","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of General Practitioners from the Province of Parma (Northern Italy) towards vaccinations in adults \u226565 year-old","volume":"90","author":"Vezzosi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7516","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7516","article-title":"Assessment of the factors influencing primary care physicians\u2019 approach to vaccination of adult risk groups in Istanbul, Turkey","volume":"7","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.01.057","article-title":"Factors affecting uptake of influenza vaccination among family physicians","volume":"34","author":"Akan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klett-Tammen, C.J., Krause, G., von Lengerke, T., and Castell, S. (2016). Advising vaccinations for the elderly: A cross-sectional survey on differences between general practitioners and physician assistants in Germany. BMC Fam. Pract., 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0502-3"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.06.018","article-title":"Vaccine Hesitancy Among General Practitioners and Its Determinants During Controversies: A National Cross-sectional Survey in France","volume":"2","author":"Verger","year":"2015","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.02.074","article-title":"Correlates of general practitioners\u2019 recommendations to patients regarding vaccination for the 2009\u20132010 pandemic influenza (A\/H1N1) in France: Implications for future vaccination campaigns","volume":"32","author":"Flicoteaux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.06.039","article-title":"Factors associated with vaccination for hepatitis B, pertussis, seasonal and pandemic influenza among French general practitioners: A 2010 survey","volume":"31","author":"Pulcini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12194","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices of general practitioners towards measles and MMR vaccination in southeastern France in 2012","volume":"20","author":"Pulcini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verger, P., Flicoteaux, R., Schwarzinger, M., Sagaon-Teyssier, L., Peretti-Watel, P., Launay, O., Sebbah, R., and Moatti, J.P. (2012). Pandemic influenza (A\/H1N1) vaccine uptake among French private general practitioners: A cross sectional study in 2010. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041837"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deruelle, P., Couffignal, C., Sibiude, J., Vivanti, A.J., Anselem, O., Luton, D., Benachi, A., Mandelbrot, L., Vauloup-Fellous, C., and Cordier, A.G. (2021). Prenatal care providers\u00b4perceptions of the SARS-Cov-2 vaccine for themselves and for pregnant women. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256080"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1780848","article-title":"Perceptions of vaccine preventable diseases in Australian healthcare: Focus on pertussis","volume":"17","author":"Bayliss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2021.01.200408","article-title":"US Primary Care Physicians\u2019 Viewpoints on HPV Vaccination for Adults 27 to 45 Years","volume":"34","author":"Hurley","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Board Fam. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Napolitano, F., Pelullo, C.P., Della Polla, G., and Angelillo, I.F. (2021). HPV Vaccination Attitudes and Behaviors among General Practitioners in Italy. Vaccines, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9010063"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1910-23","article-title":"Different perspectives of immunizations during pregnancy","volume":"50","author":"Celep","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turk. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2019.12.012","article-title":"Vaccination coverage of general practitioners: A cross-sectional study from Greece","volume":"181","author":"Kalemaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.03.038","article-title":"Primary care physician support for harmonizing HPV vaccination recommendations across genders\u2014United States, 2018","volume":"38","author":"Meites","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1666500","article-title":"Seasonal influenza vaccination among primary health care workers in Southwestern Saudi Arabia","volume":"16","author":"Awadalla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cky146","article-title":"Unexplained variations in general practitioners\u2019 perceptions and practices regarding vaccination in France","volume":"29","author":"Collange","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2019.09.004","article-title":"Vaccination of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy: A survey among general practitioners","volume":"49","author":"Glavier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Mal. Infect."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.09.018","article-title":"Primary care physicians\u2019 experience with zoster vaccine live (ZVL) and awareness and attitudes regarding the new recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV)","volume":"36","author":"Hurley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.10.021","article-title":"General practitioners\u2019 perceptions of vaccination controversies: A French nationwide cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Fressard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1430543","article-title":"Influenza vaccination 2014\u20132015: Results of a survey conducted among general practitioners in Italy","volume":"14","author":"Levi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merriel, S.W.D., Flannagan, C., Kesten, J.M., Shapiro, G.K., Nadarzynski, T., and Prue, G. (2018). Knowledge and Attitudes of General Practitioners and Sexual Health Care Professionals Regarding Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Young Men Who Have Sex with Men. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15010151"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2018.09.016","article-title":"A National Survey of Canadian Physicians on HPV: Knowledge, Barriers, and Preventive Practices","volume":"41","author":"Steben","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"256","article-title":"Assessment of coverage and analysis of the determinants of adherence to influenza vaccination in the general practitioners of Taranto","volume":"29","author":"Desiante","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Ig."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.12.007","article-title":"Primary care physicians\u2019 perspective on financial issues and adult immunization in the Era of the Affordable Care Act","volume":"35","author":"Hurley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491613100216","article-title":"Physician Attitudes Toward Adult Vaccines and Other Preventive Practices, United States, 2012","volume":"131","author":"Hurley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2016.1184092","article-title":"Opening the \u2018Vaccine Hesitancy\u2019 black box: How trust in institutions affects French GPs\u2019 vaccination practices","volume":"15","author":"Raude","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30406","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.47.30406","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of vaccine hesitancy among general practitioners: A cross-sectional telephone survey in France, April to July 2014","volume":"21","author":"Verger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.12.038","article-title":"Cross-sectional survey: Risk-averse French general practitioners are more favorable toward influenza vaccination","volume":"33","author":"Massin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EPX.0000426292.89751.ca","article-title":"Acceptance of H1N1 vaccine among healthcare workers at primary healthcare centres in Abha, KSA","volume":"88","author":"Alsaleem","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Egypt Public Health Assoc."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2011.07.002","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus vaccination by French family physicians","volume":"41","author":"Alla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Mal. Infect."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1007\/s12199-010-0202-x","article-title":"Physicians\u2019 recommendations to their patients concerning a novel pandemic vaccine: A cross-sectional survey of the 2009 influenza A\/H1N1 pandemic in Japan","volume":"16","author":"Inoue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.05.006","article-title":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: Perception and practice among French general practitioners in the year since licensing","volume":"29","author":"Kalecinski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3325\/cmj.2011.52.134","article-title":"Knowledge, motivation, and attitudes of Hungarian family physicians toward pandemic influenza vaccination in the 2009\/10 influenza season: Questionnaire study","volume":"52","author":"Rurik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Croat. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2010.00158.x","article-title":"Annual influenza vaccination: Coverage and attitudes of primary care staff in Australia","volume":"5","author":"Ward","year":"2011","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir. Viruses"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holzmann-Littig, C., Braunisch, M.C., Kranke, P., Popp, M., Seeber, C., Fichtner, F., Littig, B., Carbajo-Lozoya, J., Allwang, C., and Frank, T. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance and Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers in Germany. Vaccines, 9.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.04.20.21255794"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tracy, C.S., Dantas, G.C., and Upshur, R.E. (2003). Evidence-based medicine in primary care: Qualitative study of family physicians. BMC Fam. Pract., 4.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-4-6"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.029","article-title":"Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Europe: A qualitative study","volume":"34","author":"Karafillakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.01.081","article-title":"Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: A systematic review of published literature, 2007\u20132012","volume":"32","author":"Larson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-013-0058-2","article-title":"Strategies to improve adverse drug reaction reporting: A critical and systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Herdeiro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku229","article-title":"Determinants of antibiotic dispensing without a medical prescription: A cross-sectional study in the north of Spain","volume":"69","author":"Smyth","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"713","article-title":"Attitudes towards vaccination: Users of complementary and alternative medicine versus non-users","volume":"138","author":"Zuzak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Swiss Med. Wkly."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5365608","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5365608","article-title":"The Contribution of Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Reduce Antibiotic Use: A Narrative Review of Health Concepts, Prevention, and Treatment Strategies","volume":"2019","author":"Baars","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e010779","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010779","article-title":"Determinants of adherence to seasonal influenza vaccination among healthcare workers from an Italian region: Results from a cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"Durando","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.11.006","article-title":"Addressing the anti-vaccination movement and the role of HCWs","volume":"32","author":"Tafuri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2018.01.008","article-title":"Vaccine refusal\u2014What we need to know","volume":"94","author":"Succi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Rio J."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.040","article-title":"Strategies for addressing vaccine hesitancy\u2014A systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Jarrett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2007.10.005","article-title":"Effectiveness of a training intervention on immunization to increase knowledge of primary healthcare workers and vaccination coverage rates","volume":"122","author":"Uskun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2010.01.013","article-title":"New interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates in health care workers","volume":"38","author":"Costas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.041","article-title":"Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: Review of published reviews","volume":"33","author":"Gagnon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.9.1086","article-title":"An educational intervention to improve physician reporting of adverse drug reactions: A cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"296","author":"Figueiras","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200831040-00007","article-title":"Improving the reporting of adverse drug reactions: A cluster-randomized trial among pharmacists in Portugal","volume":"31","author":"Herdeiro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-020-00857-9","article-title":"Impact of a multifaceted intervention to improve antibiotic prescribing: A pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Figueiras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strumann, C., Steinhaeuser, J., Emcke, T., S\u00f6nnichsen, A., and Goetz, K. (2020). Communication training and the prescribing pattern of antibiotic prescription in primary health care. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233345"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200528090-00007","article-title":"Physicians\u2019 attitudes and adverse drug reaction reporting: A case-control study in Portugal","volume":"28","author":"Herdeiro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Saf."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/21\/13872\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:02:28Z","timestamp":1760144548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/21\/13872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph192113872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph192113872","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]}}}