{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:59:17Z","timestamp":1769561957747,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["51NF40-185901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51NF40-185901"]}]},{"name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["10001C_189407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10001C_189407"]}]},{"name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["UIDB\/50009\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50009\/2020"]}]},{"name":"LARSyS\u2014Portuguese national funding agency for science, research, and technology (FCT) pluriannual funding 2020\u20132023","award":["51NF40-185901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51NF40-185901"]}]},{"name":"LARSyS\u2014Portuguese national funding agency for science, research, and technology (FCT) pluriannual funding 2020\u20132023","award":["10001C_189407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10001C_189407"]}]},{"name":"LARSyS\u2014Portuguese national funding agency for science, research, and technology (FCT) pluriannual funding 2020\u20132023","award":["UIDB\/50009\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50009\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to analyze the differences between active commuting to school (ACS) and non-ACS in cognitive performance (CP), and the association of ACS duration with CP. This cross-sectional study included 370 adolescents (males n = 170), with a mean age of 15.28 \u00b1 2.25 years. CP was assessed through an interview, and ACS, extracurricular physical activity, and socioeconomic status was assessed by self-report. Body composition was assessed using the FitnessGram test battery. One in two adolescents did ACS (51.6%). ACS was associated with boys (53.9%), younger adolescents (14.91 \u00b1 2.15 vs. 15.69 \u00b1 2.29), those having school social support (55.0%), and those doing one or more extracurricular physical activities (53.6%), compared to non-ACS participants (p &lt; 0.05). The analysis of covariance, after controlling for age, sex, school social support, and participation in extracurricular physical activity, showed an effect of ACS on the total cognitive score (F(2,362) = 3.304, p &lt; 0.05). The CP was higher in adolescents with more than 30 min of ACS than non-ACS (p &lt; 0.05). The influence of ACS duration can be seen in the dimensions of inductive reasoning (\u00df = 0.134, t = 2.587, p &lt; 0.05) and working memory (\u00df = 0.130, t = 2.525, p &lt; 0.05). The role of ACS for CP, as well as guidelines for future research, are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192315692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T04:58:50Z","timestamp":1669784330000},"page":"15692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association between the Duration of the Active Commuting to and from School, and Cognitive Performance in Urban Portuguese Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1675-984X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9lio","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1388-9473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helder","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bebiana","family":"Sabino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9850-7771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adilson","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal"},{"name":"Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Ihle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES\u2014Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-692X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9lvio","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems (LARSYS), Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-01037-z","article-title":"2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for children and adolescents aged 5\u201317 years: Summary of the evidence","volume":"17","author":"Chaput","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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