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In contrast, as a non-pharmacological approach against metabolic disorders, exercise is highly recommended in GDM treatment. We analysed whether gestational exercise (GE) protects mothers from diet-induced GDM metabolic consequences and mitigates liver mitochondrial deleterious alterations in their 6-week-old male offspring. Female Sprague Dawley rats were fed with control or high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet and kept sedentary or submitted to GE. Male offspring were sedentary and fed with control diet. Sedentary HFHS mothers and their offspring showed impaired hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and morphological evidence of mitochondrial remodelling. In contrast, GE-related beneficial effects were demonstrated by upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis signalling markers and mitochondrial fusion proteins and downregulation of mitochondrial fission protein. Alterations in miR-34a, miR-130b, and miR-494, associated with epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, suggested that GE is a more critical modulator of intergenerational changes in miRs expression than the maternal diet. Our data showed that GE positively modulated the altered hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics markers and quality control signalling associated with maternal HFHS-diet-related GDM in mothers and offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20021388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T03:47:01Z","timestamp":1673495221000},"page":"1388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Gestational Exercise Antagonises the Impact of Maternal High-Fat High-Sucrose Diet on Liver Mitochondrial Alterations and Quality Control Signalling in Male Offspring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jelena","family":"Stevanovi\u0107-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Beleza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Coxito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5201-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo J.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB\u2014Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Ascens\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4808-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1159\/000273066","article-title":"Developmental origins of adult disease","volume":"19","author":"McMullen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med. 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