{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:04:14Z","timestamp":1773705854765,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization","award":["COMPETE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE 2020"]}]},{"name":"Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039869"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["COMPETE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE 2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039869"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate a clothing prototype that incorporates sensors for the evaluation of pressure, temperature, and humidity for the prevention of pressure injuries, namely regarding physical and comfort requirements. A mixed-method approach was used with concurrent quantitative and qualitative data triangulation. A structured questionnaire was applied before a focus group of experts to evaluate the sensor prototypes. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the discourse of the collective subject, followed by method integration and meta-inferences. Nine nurses, experts in this topic, aged 32.66 \u00b1 6.28 years and with a time of profession of 10.88 \u00b1 6.19 years, participated in the study. Prototype A presented low evaluation in stiffness (1.56 \u00b1 1.01) and roughness (2.11 \u00b1 1.17). Prototype B showed smaller values in dimension (2.77 \u00b1 0.83) and stiffness (3.00 \u00b1 1.22). Embroidery was assessed as inadequate in terms of stiffness (1.88 \u00b1 1.05) and roughness (2.44 \u00b1 1.01). The results from the questionnaires and focus groups\u2019 show low adequacy as to stiffness, roughness, and comfort. The participants highlighted the need for improvements regarding stiffness and comfort, suggesting new proposals for the development of sensors for clothing. The main conclusions are that Prototype A presented the lowest average scores relative to rigidity (1.56 \u00b1 1.01), considered inadequate. This dimension of Prototype B was evaluated as slightly adequate (2.77 \u00b1 0.83). The rigidity (1.88 \u00b1 1.05) of Prototype A + B + embroidery was evaluated as inadequate. The prototype revealed clothing sensors with low adequacy regarding the physical requirements, such as stiffness or roughness. Improvements are needed regarding the stiffness and roughness for the safety and comfort characteristics of the device evaluated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T03:01:01Z","timestamp":1677207661000},"page":"4039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["End-User Assessment of an Innovative Clothing-Based Sensor Developed for Pressure Injury Prevention: A Mixed-Method Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0988-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anderson S.","family":"R\u00eago","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6405-9234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00edsa","family":"Filipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3877-0946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosana A.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3439-8235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe S.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8969-3752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alar","family":"Ainla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5172-459X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00edsa M.","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fibre-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-6563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Fangueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fibre-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2624-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Bou\u00e7anova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Impetus Portugal-T\u00eaxteis Sa (IMPETUS), 4740-696 Barcelos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2110-7483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Bernardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8914-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana B.","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0761-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Santos-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3050-4264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o A.","family":"Ap\u00f3stolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3880-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Parreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8231-8279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Salgueiro-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20200397","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-220x-reeusp-2020-0397","article-title":"Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries in Critical Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors","volume":"55","author":"Galetto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. 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