{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:24:24Z","timestamp":1772252664066,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents the validation of the End Point Rate (EPR) tool for QGIS (EPR4Q), a tool built-in QGIS graphical modeler for calculating the shoreline change with the end point rate method. The EPR4Q tries to fill the gaps in user-friendly and free open-source tools for shoreline analysis in a geographic information system environment since the most used software\u2014Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS)\u2014although being a free extension, it is created for commercial software. Additionally, the best free, open-source option to calculate EPR is called Analyzing Moving Boundaries Using R (AMBUR); since it is a robust and powerful tool, the complexity can restrict the accessibility and simple usage. The validation methodology consists of applying the EPR4Q, DSAS, and AMBUR with different types of shorelines found in nature, extracted from the US Geological Survey Open-File. The obtained results of each tool were compared with Pearson\u2019s correlation coefficient. The validation results indicate that the EPR4Q tool acquired high correlation values with DSAS and AMBUR, reaching a coefficient of 0.98 to 1.00 on linear, extensive, and non-extensive shorelines, proving that the EPR4Q tool is ready to be freely used by the academic, scientific, engineering, and coastal managers communities worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi10030162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T11:56:55Z","timestamp":1615550215000},"page":"162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["End Point Rate Tool for QGIS (EPR4Q): Validation Using DSAS and AMBUR"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0620-0655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Terres de Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CESAM\u2014Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Geoscience, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7664-9525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CESAM\u2014Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Marcel de Almeida Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFSC\u2014Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Campus Ca\u00e7ador, Department of Physics, 89500-00 Ca\u00e7ador, Santa Catarina, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"da Guia Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFRS\u2014Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Rio Grande, Department of Geoprocessing, 96201-460 Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2105-4908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Bernardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CESAM\u2014Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Geoscience, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6641","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-24630-6","article-title":"The State of the World\u2019s Beaches","volume":"8","author":"Luijendijk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. 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