{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T02:49:16Z","timestamp":1768877356650,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]],"date-time":"2014-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Suspension-feeding bivalves are considered efficient toxin vectors with a relative insensitivity to toxicants compared to other aquatic organisms. This fact highlights the potential role of detoxi\ufb01cation enzymes, such as glutathione transferases (GSTs), in this bivalve resistance. Nevertheless, the GST system has not been extensively described in these organisms. In the present study, cytosolic GSTs isoforms (cGST) were surveyed in three bivalves with different habitats and life strategies: Corbicula fluminea, Anodonta cygnea and Mytilus galloprovincialis. GSTs were purified by glutathione-agarose af\ufb01nity chromatography, and the collection of expressed cGST classes of each bivalve were identified using a proteomic approach. All the purified extracts were also characterized kinetically. Results reveal variations in cGST subunits collection (diversity and properties) between the three tested bivalves. Using proteomics, four pi-class and two sigma-class GST subunits were identified in M. galloprovincialis. C. fluminea also yielded four pi-class and one sigma-class GST subunits. For A. cygnea, two mu-class and one pi-class GST subunits were identified, these being the first record of GSTs from these freshwater mussels. The affinity purified extracts also show differences regarding enzymatic behavior among species. The variations found in cGST collection and kinetics might justify diverse selective advantages for each bivalve organism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms15021887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,28]],"date-time":"2014-01-28T03:27:01Z","timestamp":1390879621000},"page":"1887-1900","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Proteomic Profiling of Cytosolic Glutathione Transferases  from Three Bivalve Species: Corbicula fluminea,  Mytilus galloprovincialis and Anodonta cygnea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research,  University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research,  University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Os\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPATIMUP\u2014Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto,  4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rute","family":"Da Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research,  University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen,  \u00d8ster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3585-2417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research,  University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Porto University, Rua do Campo Alegre,  4069-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioeng.2006.05.020","article-title":"Glutathione transferases in the genomics era: New insights and perspectives","volume":"23","author":"Frova","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomol. 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Saf"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/15\/2\/1887\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:07:44Z","timestamp":1760216864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/15\/2\/1887"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms15021887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms15021887","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]]}}}