{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T05:07:36Z","timestamp":1777957656727,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,21]],"date-time":"2016-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, several emerging pollutants, including Personal Care Products (PCPs), have been detected in aquatic ecosystems, in the ng\/L or \u00b5g\/L range. Available toxicological data is limited, and, for certain PCPs, evidence indicates a potential risk for the environment. Hence, there is an urgent need to gather ecotoxicological data on PCPs as a proxy to improve risk assessment. Here, the toxicity of three different PCPs (4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor (4-MBC), propylparaben and triclocarban) was tested using embryo bioassays with Danio rerio (zebrafish) and Paracentrotus lividus (sea urchin). The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) for triclocarban was 0.256 \u00b5g\/L for sea urchin and 100 \u00b5g\/L for zebrafish, whereas NOEC for 4-MBC was 0.32 \u00b5g\/L for sea urchin and 50 \u00b5g\/L for zebrafish. Both PCPs impacted embryo development at environmentally relevant concentrations. In comparison with triclocarban and 4-MBC, propylparaben was less toxic for both sea urchin (NOEC = 160 \u00b5g\/L) and zebrafish (NOEC = 1000 \u00b5g\/L). Overall, this study further demonstrates the sensitivity of embryo bioassays as a high-throughput approach for testing the toxicity of emerging pollutants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17101762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,21]],"date-time":"2016-10-21T10:15:16Z","timestamp":1477044916000},"page":"1762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Screening the Toxicity of Selected Personal Care Products Using Embryo Bioassays: 4-MBC, Propylparaben and Triclocarban"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tiago","family":"Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMAR\/CIIMAR, Laborat\u00f3rio Associado\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6149-9840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMAR\/CIIMAR, Laborat\u00f3rio Associado\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ros\u00e1rio","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMAR\/CIIMAR, Laborat\u00f3rio Associado\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Sa\u00fade do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMAR\/CIIMAR, Laborat\u00f3rio Associado\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FCUP-Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.34.227","article-title":"Acute toxicity of pharmaceutical and personal care products on freshwater crustacean (Thamnocephalus platyurus) and (Oryzias latipes)","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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