{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T21:45:05Z","timestamp":1775943905315,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,11]],"date-time":"2017-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this work was to determine the influence of the biomaterial environment on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) fate when cultured in supports with varying topography. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) culture supports were prepared with structures ranging between 2D and 3D, based on PVDF films on which PVDF microspheres were deposited with varying surface density. Maintenance of multipotentiality when cultured in expansion medium was studied by flow cytometry monitoring the expression of characteristic hMSCs markers, and revealed that cells were losing their characteristic surface markers on these supports. Cell morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Alkaline phosphatase activity was also assessed after seven days of culture on expansion medium. On the other hand, osteoblastic differentiation was monitored while culturing in osteogenic medium after cells reached confluence. Osteocalcin immunocytochemistry and alizarin red assays were performed. We show that flow cytometry is a suitable technique for the study of the differentiation of hMSC seeded onto biomaterials, giving a quantitative reliable analysis of hMSC-associated markers. We also show that electrosprayed piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) is a suitable support for tissue engineering purposes, as hMSCs can proliferate, be viable and undergo osteogenic differentiation when chemically stimulated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,13]],"date-time":"2017-11-13T11:12:36Z","timestamp":1510571556000},"page":"2391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Growth and Osteogenic Differentiation on Piezoelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Microsphere Substrates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4433-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Sobreiro-Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro\/Departamento de F\u00edsica, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Tama\u00f1o-Machiavello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro\/Departamento de F\u00edsica, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8808-3423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Cord\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Doria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Senent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Polit\u00e9cnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3118-4717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro\/Departamento de F\u00edsica, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro\/Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9120-4847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro\/Departamento de F\u00edsica, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Lanceros-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Parque Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain"},{"name":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5550-7066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Sabater i Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Gomez Ribelles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sempere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Polit\u00e9cnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.1901","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells in tissue engineering","volume":"83","author":"Godara","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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