{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:11:48Z","timestamp":1774559508782,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":193,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/SAU-TOX\/117481\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/SAU-TOX\/117481\/2010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Strategic Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Strategic Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"undefined  &lt;span style=&quot;color:gray;font-size:10px;&quot;&gt;undefined&lt;\/span&gt;","award":["Healthy Aging CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Healthy Aging CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"]}]},{"name":"Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Estrat\u00e9gico Regional (FEDER)","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"N\/A","award":["Projectos de Desenvolvimento e Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de Infraestruturas de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o inseridas no RNIE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Projectos de Desenvolvimento e Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de Infraestruturas de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o inseridas no RNIE"]}]},{"name":"N\/A","award":["Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o - POCI \u201cPrograma Operacional COMPETE2020\u201d (Fellowship SFRH\/BD\/90036\/2012 to E. Candeias and Post-Doctoral Researcher contract DL57\/2016 #SFRH\/BPD\/84473\/2012 to A.I. Duarte)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o - POCI \u201cPrograma Operacional COMPETE2020\u201d (Fellowship SFRH\/BD\/90036\/2012 to E. Candeias and Post-Doctoral Researcher contract DL57\/2016 #SFRH\/BPD\/84473\/2012 to A.I. Duarte)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, being characterized by the deposition of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (enriched in the amyloid beta (A\u03b2) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), respectively) and memory loss. Aging, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and female sex (especially after menopause) are risk factors for AD, but their crosslinking mechanisms remain unclear. Most clinical trials targeting AD neuropathology failed and it remains incurable. However, evidence suggests that effective anti-T2D drugs, such as the GLP-1 mimetic and neuroprotector liraglutide, can be also efficient against AD. Thus, we aimed to study the benefits of a peripheral liraglutide treatment in AD female mice. We used blood and brain cortical lysates from 10-month-old 3xTg-AD female mice, treated for 28 days with liraglutide (0.2 mg\/kg, once\/day) to evaluate parameters affected in AD (e.g., A\u03b2 and p-tau, motor and cognitive function, glucose metabolism, inflammation and oxidative\/nitrosative stress). Despite the limited signs of cognitive changes in mature female mice, liraglutide only reduced their cortical A\u03b21\u201342 levels. Liraglutide partially attenuated brain estradiol and GLP-1 and activated PKA levels, oxidative\/nitrosative stress and inflammation in these AD female mice. Our results support the earlier use of liraglutide as a potential preventive\/therapeutic agent against the accumulation of the first neuropathological features of AD in females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21051746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T10:46:08Z","timestamp":1583318768000},"page":"1746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Liraglutide Protects Against Brain Amyloid-\u03b21\u201342 Accumulation in Female Mice with Early Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Like Pathology by Partially Rescuing Oxidative\/Nitrosative Stress and Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0223-7867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana I.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alem\u00e3o-P\u00f3lo II, Rua D. Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Emanuel","family":"Candeias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alem\u00e3o-P\u00f3lo II, Rua D. Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8329-3758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas N.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-6235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e9bora","family":"Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9259-3277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela F.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5097-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno J.","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elisa J.","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria S.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Life Sciences Department, University of Coimbra, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina R.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5177-6747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula I.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine (P\u00f3lo 1, 1st Floor), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4913","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.13.4913","article-title":"Abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) in Alzheimer cytoskeletal pathology","volume":"83","author":"Iqbal","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. 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