{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T11:24:30Z","timestamp":1768735470895,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005727","name":"Universidade de Coimbra","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/QUI\/UI0313\/2020, UIDB\/QUI\/UI0313\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/QUI\/UI0313\/2020, UIDB\/QUI\/UI0313\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005727","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chitosan-DNA (CS-DNA) and Chitosan-Pectin (CS-P) hydrogels were formulated as a sustained drug delivery carrier for drug delivery. For this, hydrogels were prepared by emulsion technique: mixing aqueous phase of the CS and DNA or P solution with benzyl alcohol using a high-performance dispersing instrument. Green Propolis (GP) was incorporated by imbibition: hydrogels were placed in GP aqueous solution (70 \u00b5g\/mL) for 2 h. The specimens were freeze-dried and then characterized using different techniques. In vitro cell viability and morphology were also performed using the MG63 cell line. The presence of P was evidenced by the occurrence of a strong band at 1745 cm\u22121, also occurring in the blend. DNA and CS-DNA showed a strong band at 1650 cm\u22121, slightly shifted from the chitosan band. The sorption of GP induced a significant modification of the gel surface morphology and some phase separation occurs between chitosan and DNA. Drug release kinetics in water and in saliva follow a two-step mechanism. Significant biocompatibility revealed that these hydrogels were non-toxic and provided acceptable support for cell survival. Thus, the hydrogel complexation of chitosan with DNA and with Pectin provides favorable micro-environment for cell growth and is a viable alternative drug delivery system for Green Propolis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T05:28:56Z","timestamp":1593408536000},"page":"4561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Chitosan-Based Coacervate Polymers for Propolis Encapsulation: Release and Cytotoxicity Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6472-8840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tabata","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Sao Paulo 12.245-700, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Buccal Diagnose, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Sao Paulo 12.245-700, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Luana","family":"Vasconcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Buccal Diagnose, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Sao Paulo 12.245-700, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4612-7686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Sao Paulo 12.245-700, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Peppas, N.A. 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