{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T05:12:39Z","timestamp":1770009159492,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019370","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB \/ 00709\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB \/ 00709\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019370","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional do Centro, Centro 2020","award":["CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accumulation of amyloid-beta (A\u03b2) in the brain is thought to derive from the impairment of A\u03b2 clearance mechanisms rather than from its overproduction, which consequently contributes to the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The choroid plexus epithelial cells constitute an important clearance route for A\u03b2, either by facilitating its transport from the cerebrospinal fluid to the blood, or by synthesizing and secreting various proteins involved in A\u03b2 degradation. Impaired choroid plexus synthesis, secretion, and transport of these A\u03b2-metabolizing enzymes have been therefore associated with the disruption of A\u03b2 homeostasis and amyloid load. Factors such as aging, female gender, and circadian rhythm disturbances are related to the decline of choroid plexus functions that may be involved in the modulation of A\u03b2-clearance mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the impact of age, sex hormones, and circadian rhythm on the expression of A\u03b2 scavengers such as apolipoprotein J, gelsolin, and transthyretin at the rat choroid plexus. Our results demonstrated that mRNA expression and both intracellular and secreted protein levels of the studied A\u03b2 scavengers are age-, sex-, and circadian-dependent. These data suggest that the A\u03b2-degradation and clearance pathways at the choroid plexus, mediated by the presence of A\u03b2 scavengers, might be compromised as a consequence of aging and circadian disturbances. These are important findings that enhance the understanding of A\u03b2-clearance-regulating mechanisms at the blood\u2013cerebrospinal fluid barrier.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T08:29:43Z","timestamp":1600331383000},"page":"6813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Age, Sex Hormones, and Circadian Rhythm Regulate the Expression of Amyloid-Beta Scavengers at the Choroid Plexus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2037-2082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Furtado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1152-2093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariya V.","family":"Hrynchak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Biology\/Chemistry, University of Osnabr\u00fcck, 49074 Osnabr\u00fcck, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9673-4337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana R.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Talhada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4384-8197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9326-8900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel C.","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Telma","family":"Quintela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6074-7825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cec\u00edlia R.A.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2014Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17553","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3258-13.2013","article-title":"The choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid: Emerging roles in development, disease, and therapy","volume":"33","author":"Lehtinen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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