{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T09:32:08Z","timestamp":1761989528529,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-024156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-024156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Breast (BrCa) and prostate (PCa) cancers are the most common malignancies in women and men, respectively. The available therapeutic options for these tumors are still not curative and have severe side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective antineoplastic agents. Herein, BrCa, PCa, and benign cell lines were treated with two ionic liquids and two quinoxalines and functional experiments were performed\u2014namely cell viability, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and colony formation assays. At the molecular level, an array of gene expressions encompassing several molecular pathways were used to explore the impact of treatment on gene expression. Although both quinoxalines and the ionic liquid [C2OHMIM][Amp] did not show any effect on the BrCa and PCa cell lines, [C16Pyr][Amp] significantly decreased cell viability and colony formation ability, while it increased the apoptosis levels of all cell lines. Importantly, [C16Pyr][Amp] was found to be more selective for cancer cells and less toxic than cisplatin. At the molecular level, this ionic liquid was also associated with reduced expression levels of CPT2, LDHA, MCM2, and SKP2, in both BrCa and PCa cell lines. Hence, [C16Pyr][Amp] was shown to be a promising anticancer therapeutic agent for BrCa and PCa cell lines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T09:21:15Z","timestamp":1608110475000},"page":"9584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Impact of [C16Pyr][Amp] on the Aggressiveness in Breast and Prostate Cancer Cell Lines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0130-7664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa Quintela","family":"Vieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P.PORTO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, ESS|P.PORTO, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8961-5324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c2ngela","family":"Marques-Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P.PORTO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4231-5532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Miranda-Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1761-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ferraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P.PORTO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e das Biomol\u00e9culas, ESS|P.PORTO, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8687-4811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P.PORTO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e das Biomol\u00e9culas, ESS|P.PORTO, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Prud\u00eancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P.PORTO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e das Biomol\u00e9culas, ESS|P.PORTO, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4186-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Jer\u00f3nimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Regina Augusta","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P.PORTO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, ESS|P.PORTO, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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