{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:17:17Z","timestamp":1773015437229,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are CD1d-restricted, lipid-reactive T cells that exhibit preponderant immunomodulatory properties. The ultimate protective or deleterious functions displayed by iNKT cells in tissues are known to be partially shaped by the interactions they establish with other immune cells. In particular, the iNKT cell\u2013macrophage crosstalk has gained growing interest over the past two decades. Accumulating evidence has highlighted that this immune axis plays central roles not only in maintaining homeostasis but also during the development of several pathologies. Hence, this review summarizes the reported features of the iNKT cell\u2013macrophage axis in health and disease. We discuss the pathophysiological significance of this interplay and provide an overview of how both cells communicate with each other to regulate disease onset and progression in the context of infection, obesity, sterile inflammation, cancer and autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T08:20:29Z","timestamp":1643617229000},"page":"1640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The iNKT Cell\u2013Macrophage Axis in Homeostasis and Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mariana S.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Activation and Gene Expression Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro (UA), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1744-6135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro","family":"Loureiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Activation and Gene Expression Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Experimental Immunology Group, Department of Biomedicine (DBM), University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0724-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria J.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica (INEB), Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2252-6105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Fatima","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Activation and Gene Expression Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro (UA), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141711","article-title":"The Biology of NKT Cells","volume":"25","author":"Bendelac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. 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