{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T04:46:08Z","timestamp":1776228368814,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National Funds from FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia) through the project AGeNT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/BTA-BTA\/31264\/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031264)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BTA-BTA\/31264\/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031264)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National Funds from FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia) through the project AGeNT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/Multi\/50016\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/Multi\/50016\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CBQF under the FCT project","award":["PTDC\/BTA-BTA\/31264\/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031264)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BTA-BTA\/31264\/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031264)"]}]},{"name":"CBQF under the FCT project","award":["UID\/Multi\/50016\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/Multi\/50016\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the environment are considered a motif of concern, due to the widespread occurrence and potential adverse ecological and human health effects. The natural estrogen, 17\u03b2-estradiol (E2), is frequently detected in receiving water bodies after not being efficiently removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), promoting a negative impact for both the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In this study, the biodegradation of E2 by Rhodococcus sp. ED55, a bacterial strain isolated from sediments of a discharge point of WWTP in Coloane, Macau, was investigated. Rhodococcus sp. ED55 was able to completely degrade 5 mg\/L of E2 in 4 h in a synthetic medium. A similar degradation pattern was observed when the bacterial strain was used in wastewater collected from a WWTP, where a significant improvement in the degradation of the compound occurred. The detection and identification of 17 metabolites was achieved by means of UPLC\/ESI\/HRMS, which proposed a degradation pathway of E2. The acute test with luminescent marine bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri revealed the elimination of the toxicity of the treated effluent and the standardized yeast estrogenic (S-YES) assay with the recombinant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed a decrease in the estrogenic activity of wastewater samples after biodegradation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T03:33:18Z","timestamp":1654054398000},"page":"6181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Biodegradation and Metabolic Pathway of 17\u03b2-Estradiol by Rhodococcus sp. ED55"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6516-0994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina S.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina, Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sapia","family":"Murgolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR, Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Via F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7858-2114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Mascolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR, Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Via F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"CNR, Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica, Via Amendola 122 I, 70126 Bari, Italy"}]},{"given":"Paula M. L.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina, Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.09.084","article-title":"Monitoring, sources, receptors, and control measures for three European Union watch list substances of emerging concern in receiving waters\u2014A 20 year systematic review","volume":"574","author":"Tiedeken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. 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