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This study aimed to determine the HPV16 variant and sublineage present in the K14HPV16 mouse model. This information can be considered of great importance to further enhance this K14HPV16 model as an essential research tool and optimize its use for basic and translational studies. Our study evaluated HPV DNA from 17 samples isolated from 4 animals, both wild-type (n = 2) and HPV16-transgenic mice (n = 2). Total DNA was extracted from tissues and the detection of HPV16 was performed using a qPCR multiplex. HPV16-positive samples were subsequently whole-genome sequenced by next-generation sequencing techniques. The phylogenetic positioning clearly shows K14HPV16 samples clustering together in the sub-lineage A1 (NC001526.4). A comparative genome analysis of K14HPV16 samples revealed three mutations to the human papillomaviruses type 16 sublineage A1 representative strain. Knowledge of the HPV 16 variant is fundamental, and these findings will allow the rational use of this animal model to explore the role of the A1 sublineage in HPV-driven cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232012371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T02:29:46Z","timestamp":1665973786000},"page":"12371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characterization of the Human Papillomavirus 16 Oncogenes in K14HPV16 Mice: Sublineage A1 Drives Multi-Organ Carcinogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Cochicho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA Medical School-Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, NOVA University, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Virology Laboratory from Clinical Pathology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6449-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lus\u00f3fona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2697-2399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6888-4477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory from Clinical Pathology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9910-9035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory from Clinical Pathology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3909-5903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Medeiros-Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9519-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8605-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida M. S. M.","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering (ALiCE), University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Health Research Network, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP\/RISE@CI-IPOP), Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology and Innovation Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health, Av. 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Padre Cruz (INSA), 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2151-2449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui M.","family":"Gil da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Post-Graduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Morphology Department, University Hospital (HUUFMA), Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65085-580, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2653-2262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA Medical School-Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, NOVA University, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Pathology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30716","article-title":"Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type","volume":"141","author":"Plummer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. 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