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In this work, a series of trimethoxybenzoic acid derivatives previously described as antifouling compounds was explored for potential antimicrobial activity and efflux pump (EP) inhibition. First, docking studies on the acridine resistance proteins A and B coupled to the outer membrane channel TolC (AcrAB-TolC) efflux system and a homology model of the quinolone resistance protein NorA EP were performed on 11 potential bioactive trimethoxybenzoic acid and gallic acid derivatives. The synthesis of one new trimethoxybenzoic acid derivative (derivative 13) was accomplished. To investigate the potential of this series of 11 derivatives as antimicrobial agents, and in reverting drug resistance, the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined on several strains (bacteria and fungi), and synergy with antibiotics and EP inhibition were investigated. Derivative 10 showed antibacterial activity against the studied strains, derivatives 5 and 6 showed the ability to inhibit EPs in the acrA gene inactivated mutant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344, and 6 also inhibited EPs in Staphylococcus aureus 272123. Structure-activity relationships highlighted trimethoxybenzoic acid as important for EP inhibitory activity. Although further studies are necessary, these results show the potential of simple trimethoxybenzoic acid derivatives as a source of feasible EP inhibitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T02:59:22Z","timestamp":1669085962000},"page":"14468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Derivatives of Trimethoxybenzoic Acid and Gallic Acid as Potential Efflux Pump Inhibitors: In Silico and In Vitro Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2766-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Neves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and 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