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Melatonin can exert a relevant benefit for treating neurological disorders, given its well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as its pro-survival effects. In addition, melatonin is able to modulate cell proliferation and neural differentiation processes in neural stem\/progenitor cells while improving neuronal maturation of neural precursor cells and newly created postmitotic neurons. Thus, melatonin shows relevant pro-neurogenic properties that may have benefits for neurological conditions associated with impairments in adult brain neurogenesis. For instance, the anti-aging properties of melatonin seem to be linked to its neurogenic properties. Modulation of neurogenesis by melatonin is beneficial under conditions of stress, anxiety and depression as well as for the ischemic brain or after a brain stroke. Pro-neurogenic actions of melatonin may also be beneficial for treating dementias, after a traumatic brain injury, and under conditions of epilepsy, schizophrenia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Melatonin may represent a pro-neurogenic treatment effective for retarding the progression of neuropathology associated with Down syndrome. Finally, more studies are necessary to elucidate the benefits of melatonin treatments under brain disorders related to impairments in glucose and insulin homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T03:29:00Z","timestamp":1677727740000},"page":"4803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Benefits of the Neurogenic Potential of Melatonin for Treating Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4687-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaiza","family":"Potes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7244-7862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Cach\u00e1n-Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1016-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Antu\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8422-230X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4796-4965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nerea","family":"Men\u00e9ndez-Coto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jose Antonio","family":"Boga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias 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Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6609-6258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Coto-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0242-9620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of 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