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Taxane-based antineoplastic drugs such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel, have been investigated in PCa treatment, namely for the development of combined therapies with the improvement of therapeutic effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of STEAP1 in response to taxane-based drugs and assess whether the sensitivity of PCa cells to treatment with paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel may change when the STEAP1 gene is silenced. Thus, wild-type and STEAP1 knockdown LNCaP and C4-2B cells were exposed to paclitaxel, docetaxel or cabazitaxel, and STEAP1 expression, cell viability, and survival pathways were evaluated. The results obtained showed that STEAP1 knockdown or taxane-based drugs treatment significantly reduced the viability and survival of PCa cells. Relatively to the expression of proliferation markers and apoptosis regulators, LNCaP cells showed a reduced proliferation, whereas apoptosis was increased. However, the effect of paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel treatment was reversed when combined with STEAP1 knockdown. Besides, these chemotherapeutic drugs may stimulate the cell growth of PCa cells knocked down for STEAP1. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that STEAP1 expression levels might influence the response of PCa cells to chemotherapeutics drugs, indicating that the use of paclitaxel, docetaxel, or cabazitaxel may lead to harmful effects in PCa cells with decreased expression of STEAP1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T03:08:31Z","timestamp":1680491311000},"page":"6643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["STEAP1 Knockdown Decreases the Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel, Docetaxel and Cabazitaxel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4686-2410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra M.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rafaella S.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6910-7576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds A.","family":"Passarinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2013Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de F\u00e1rmaco-Toxicologia-UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-284 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8181-488X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Socorro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"C4-UBI\u2014Cloud Computing Competence Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-501 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5658-5445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udio J.","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICS-UBI\u2013Health Sciences Research Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"C4-UBI\u2014Cloud Computing Competence Center, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-501 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14523","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.25.14523","article-title":"STEAP: A prostate-specific cell-surface antigen highly expressed in human prostate tumors","volume":"96","author":"Hubert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. 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