{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T16:55:03Z","timestamp":1773161703035,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia and Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10.54499\/LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.54499\/LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia and Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10.54499\/UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.54499\/UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia and Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10.54499\/UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.54499\/UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abundant in citrus fruits, naringin (NAR) is a flavonoid that has a wide spectrum of beneficial health effects, including its anti-inflammatory activity. However, its use in the clinic is limited due to extensive phase I and II first-pass metabolism, which limits its bioavailability. Thus, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) were used to protect and concentrate NAR in inflamed issues, to enhance its anti-inflammatory effects. To target LNPs to the CD44 receptor, overexpressed in activated macrophages, functionalization with hyaluronic acid (HA) was performed. The formulation with NAR and HA on the surface (NAR@NPsHA) has a size below 200 nm, a polydispersity around 0.245, a loading capacity of nearly 10%, and a zeta potential of about 10 mV. In vitro studies show the controlled release of NAR along the gastrointestinal tract, high cytocompatibility (L929 and THP-1 cell lines), and low hemolytic activity. It was also shown that the developed LNPs can regulate inflammatory mediators. In fact, NAR@NPsHA were able to decrease TNF-\u03b1 and CCL-3 markers expression by 80 and 90% and manage to inhibit the effects of LPS by around 66% for IL-1\u03b2 and around 45% for IL-6. Overall, the developed LNPs may represent an efficient drug delivery system with an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T08:55:12Z","timestamp":1712652912000},"page":"4152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Empowering Naringin\u2019s Anti-Inflammatory Effects through Nanoencapsulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0743-666X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Marinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, R. do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9382-7047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina Leal","family":"Seabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8777-5877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia A. C.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4606-9209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Lobo-da-Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microscopia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0736-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salette","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R., and Zibadi, S. (2018). Polyphenols: Prevention and Treatment of Human Disease, Academic Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcatb.2007.10.011","article-title":"Effect of naringin enzymatic hydrolysis towards naringenin on the anti-inflammatory activity of both compounds","volume":"52\u201353","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mol. Catal. 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