{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T13:00:53Z","timestamp":1770469253684,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Research Council, Consolidator Grant MagTendon","award":["772817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["772817"]}]},{"name":"European Research Council, Consolidator Grant MagTendon","award":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"]}]},{"name":"European Research Council, Consolidator Grant MagTendon","award":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"]}]},{"name":"European Research Council, Consolidator Grant MagTendon","award":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["772817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["772817"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["772817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["772817"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT)","award":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"]}]},{"name":"TERM RES Hub (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190)","award":["772817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["772817"]}]},{"name":"TERM RES Hub (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190)","award":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRD\/BD\/144816\/2019"]}]},{"name":"TERM RES Hub (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190)","award":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COVID\/BD\/153447\/2023"]}]},{"name":"TERM RES Hub (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190)","award":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PINFRA\/22190\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is growing evidence on the significant role of prolonged inflammation in triggering and progressing of numerous diseases with substantial health and socioeconomic impacts, such as musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop therapies that can overcome the main challenges of currently used approaches, such as non-target action, partial modulation of the complex inflammatory pathways, and short-term effects, to effectively manage and resolve chronic inflammatory states. This work investigates the therapeutic synergy of clinically relevant anti-inflammatory agents approaching na\u00efve and classically activated macrophages owing to their central role in inflammation. Aiming at human therapies, a dual-loading nanoplatform reunites molecules with different physico-chemical properties in a single system, seeking to more effectively and comprehensively regulate macrophage functions for precision cell guidance and greater versatility in disease managing. To build this platform, palmitic acid grafted chitosan, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, the clinically approved NSAID celecoxib (also known as Celebrex\u00ae), and RNA technologies were combined into superparamagnetic polymeric micelles (SPMs). Our findings demonstrated that traditional anti-inflammatory drugs such as celecoxib and microRNA molecules were efficiently delivered by the SPMs, altering the inflammatory profile of na\u00efve (M0\u03c6) and M1-primed macrophages (M1\u03c6) assessed by gene and protein expression. The impact of the dual-loaded SPMs in na\u00efve M\u03c6 is an interesting finding towards the modulation of the initial immune response, reducing the potential for chronic inflammation and promoting tissue healing. Collectively, these encouraging results demonstrate the promise of multi-nanomedicine strategies to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic interventions by offering a fresh approach to more precisely and carefully regulated nanotherapeutics delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T06:00:57Z","timestamp":1728021657000},"page":"10693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Using Hybrid Nanoplatforms to Combine Traditional Anti-Inflammatory Drug Delivery with RNA-Based Therapeutics for Macrophage Reprograming"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6663-6851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana F.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3Bs\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7633-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida S.","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3Bs\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4295-6129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui L.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3Bs\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2036-6291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela E.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3Bs\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4483-5689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia T.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3Bs\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Inflammation and its resolution and the musculoskeletal system","volume":"10","author":"Gallo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Transl."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"A1","article-title":"Inflammation and the musculoskeletal system","volume":"10","author":"Goodman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Transl."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henein, M.Y., Vancheri, S., Longo, G., and Vancheri, F. (2022). The Role of Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112906"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxaa078","article-title":"IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer","volume":"33","author":"Hirano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_56_18","article-title":"Inflammation and cancer","volume":"18","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Afr. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, Y., and Wu, W. (2023). Multimodal non-invasive non-pharmacological therapies for chronic pain: Mechanisms and progress. BMC Med., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-03076-2"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"23","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory management for tendon injuries\u2014friends or foes?","volume":"1","author":"Chan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sports Med. Arthrosc. Rehabil. Ther. Technol. SMARTT"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4174","article-title":"Use of NSAIDs in treating patients with arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Crofford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2018.1515628","article-title":"Corticosteroids as an adjunct to tuberculosis therapy","volume":"12","author":"Schutz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13906","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13906","article-title":"Comparison of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis in rats","volume":"51","author":"Hallak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.21","article-title":"Disease-modifying therapies and infectious risks in multiple sclerosis","volume":"12","author":"Winkelmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.122.001234","article-title":"RNAi-Based Therapeutics and Novel RNA Bioengineering Technologies","volume":"384","author":"Traber","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"13","article-title":"Celecoxib, a COX-2\u2014specific inhibitor: The clinical data","volume":"28","author":"Fort","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthop."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200059040-00017","article-title":"Celecoxib","volume":"59","author":"Clemett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061652","article-title":"Celecoxib for the Prevention of Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps","volume":"355","author":"Arber","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006293422603","article-title":"The Effect of Celecoxib, a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor, in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis","volume":"342","author":"Steinbach","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3211","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S186000","article-title":"Safety of celecoxib versus traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in older patients with arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Shin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB02474K","article-title":"Magnetic triggers in biomedical applications\u2014prospects for contact free cell sensing and guidance","volume":"9","author":"Almeida","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miranda, M.S., Almeida, A.F., Gomes, M.E., and Rodrigues, M.T. (2022). Magnetic Micellar Nanovehicles: Prospects of Multifunctional Hybrid Systems for Precision Theranostics. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911793"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vangijzegem, T., Lecomte, V., Ternad, I., Van Leuven, L., Muller, R.N., Stanicki, D., and Laurent, S. (2023). Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION): From Fundamentals to State-of-the-Art Innovative Applications for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010236"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50612","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c22505","article-title":"Contactless Resolution of Inflammatory Signals in Tailored Macrophage-Based Cell Therapeutics","volume":"15","author":"Almeida","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.09.028","article-title":"Magnetic responsive materials modulate the inflammatory profile of IL-1\u03b2 conditioned tendon cells","volume":"117","author":"Vinhas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201300355","article-title":"Fluorophore-Labeled Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for the Imaging of Cyclooxygenase-2 Overexpression in Cancer: Synthesis and Biological Studies","volume":"9","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.06.066","article-title":"Doxorubicin delivery via magnetic nanomicelles comprising from reduction-responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PEG-SS-PCL) and loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization and simulation","volume":"92","author":"Mousavi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.12.132","article-title":"Reduction sensitive hyaluronan-SS-poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) block copolymers as theranostic nanocarriers for tumor diagnosis and treatment","volume":"98","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Y., Lee, J., Seo, J.-M., Davaa, E., Shin, K.-J., and Yang, S.-G. (2022). Enhanced thermodynamic, pharmacokinetic and theranostic properties of polymeric micelles via hydrophobic core-clustering of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Biomater. Res., 26.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-022-00255-9"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.071","article-title":"Redox-responsive nanoparticles from disulfide bond-linked poly-(N-\u03b5-carbobenzyloxy-l-lysine)-grafted hyaluronan copolymers as theranostic nanoparticles for tumor-targeted MRI and chemotherapy","volume":"148","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13276","DOI":"10.33263\/BRIAC115.1327613289","article-title":"Theragnostic Magnetic Core-Shell Nanoparticle as Versatile Nanoplatform for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Drug Delivery","volume":"11","author":"Zarei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2018.11.044","article-title":"Magnetically Guided Self-Assembled Protein Micelles for Enhanced Delivery of Dasatinib to Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells","volume":"108","author":"Sabra","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201500287","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of an 18F-Labeled Radiotracer Based on Celecoxib\u2013NBD for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)","volume":"10","author":"Kaur","year":"2015","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10257","article-title":"Celecoxib ameliorates diabetic neuropathy by decreasing apoptosis and oxidative stress in dorsal root ganglion neurons via the miR-155\/COX-2 axis","volume":"22","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2011.08.002","article-title":"Magnetically enhanced nucleic acid delivery. Ten years of magnetofection\u2014Progress and prospects","volume":"63","author":"Plank","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sizikov, A.A., and Nikitin, P.I. (2021). Magnetofection In Vivo by Nanomagnetic Carriers Systemically Administered into the Bloodstream. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111927"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.09.014","article-title":"Tissue-engineered magnetic cell sheet patches for advanced strategies in tendon regeneration","volume":"63","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.06.036","article-title":"Human tendon-derived cell sheets created by magnetic force-based tissue engineering hold tenogenic and immunomodulatory potential","volume":"131","author":"Vinhas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.3390\/ph3051614","article-title":"Molecular Mechanism for Various Pharmacological Activities of NSAIDS","volume":"3","author":"Mizushima","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2012.03.007","article-title":"MicroRNAs and atherosclerosis: New actors for an old movie","volume":"22","author":"Santovito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.302701","article-title":"MicroRNA-155 Deficiency Results in Decreased Macrophage Inflammation and Attenuated Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E\u2013Deficient Mice","volume":"34","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7437281","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7437281","article-title":"miR-155: An Important Role in Inflammation Response","volume":"2022","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2019.112721","article-title":"Standardized protocols for differentiation of THP-1 cells to macrophages with distinct M(IFN\u03b3+LPS), M(IL-4) and M(IL-10) phenotypes","volume":"478","author":"Baxter","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rostam, H.M., Reynolds, P.M., Alexander, M.R., Gadegaard, N., and Ghaemmaghami, A.M. (2017). Image based Machine Learning for identification of macrophage subsets. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03780-z"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2006.02344.x","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide induces CXCL2\/macrophage inflammatory protein-2 gene expression in enterocytes via NF-kappaB activation: Independence from endogenous TNF-alpha and platelet-activating factor","volume":"118","author":"Han","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, E., Christopoulos, P.F., Halder, S., Lunde, A., Beraki, K., Speth, M., \u00d8ynebr\u00e5ten, I., and Corthay, A. (2017). Toll-Like Receptor Ligands and Interferon-\u03b3 Synergize for Induction of Antitumor M1 Macrophages. Front. Immunol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01383"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117788","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), -2, and -3 are chemotactic for human T lymphocytes","volume":"95","author":"Taub","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20220316","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2022-0316","article-title":"Macrophage M1 polarization mediated via the IL-6\/STAT3 pathway contributes to apical periodontitis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Oral Sci. Rev. FOB"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.061663","article-title":"Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Regulates Inducible Prostaglandin E Synthase Expression in Human Amnion Mesenchymal Cells1","volume":"78","author":"Ackerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31315","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.52.31315","article-title":"Transcriptional Roles of Nuclear Factor \u03baB and Nuclear Factor-Interleukin-6 in the Tumor Necrosis Factor \u03b1-Dependent Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2 in MC3T3-E1 Cells (\u2217)","volume":"270","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"7042","article-title":"Influences of miR-155\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway on inflammatory factors in ARDS in neonatal pigs","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Liu, C., Huang, C., Xu, X., and Teng, J. (2020). miR-155 Knockdown Protects against Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury by Targeting MafB. BioMed Res. Int., 2020.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6458204"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.183434.111","article-title":"NF-\u03baB, the first quarter-century: Remarkable progress and outstanding questions","volume":"26","author":"Hayden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.7b00505","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Fatty Acid Grafted Chitosan Polymer and Their Nanomicelles for Nonviral Gene Delivery Applications","volume":"28","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioconjug. Chem."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3093(90)90199-V","article-title":"Surface chemistry of bioactive glass-ceramics","volume":"120","author":"Kokubo","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Non-Cryst. Solids"},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"219","article-title":"In Vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Celecoxib, Mefenamic Acid, Aspirin and Indometacin on Several Cells Lines","volume":"17","author":"Hashemipour","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dent."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/19\/10693\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:10:32Z","timestamp":1760112632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/19\/10693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms251910693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms251910693","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]}}}