{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:33:25Z","timestamp":1760146405548,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003549","name":"Hungarian Scientific Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OTKA K-139293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTKA K-139293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003549","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"OTKA Bridging Fund from the University of Debrecen","award":["OTKA K-139293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTKA K-139293"]}]},{"name":"University of Debrecen","award":["OTKA K-139293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTKA K-139293"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The structure of aspirated coronary thrombus in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is still being studied. Our aims were to characterize coronary thrombi of different ages, focusing on the appearance of activated protein C (APC\/PC) and its relation to the elements of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and the factors closely related to fibrin as factor XIII (FXIII) and \u03b12 plasmin inhibitor (\u03b12-PI). The thrombi of n = 24 male patients with atherosclerotic coronary plaque rupture related to native coronary artery occlusion were selected for histopathology analysis. Thrombus age was distinguished as fresh, lytic, and organized, and then analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy. FXIII was present at a high level and showed a high degree of co-localization with fibrin in all stages of thrombus evolution. The amount of \u03b12-PI was low in the fresh thrombi, which increased significantly to the lytic phase. It was evenly distributed and consistently associated with fibrin. APC\/PC appeared in the fresh thrombus and remained constant during its evolution. The presence of NET marker and CD66b was most dominant in the lytic phase. APC\/PC co-localization with the elements of NET formation shows its role in NET degradation. These observations suggest the importance of searching for further targeted therapeutic strategies in STEMI patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T04:59:54Z","timestamp":1730437194000},"page":"11746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Localization of Hemostasis Elements in Aspirated Coronary Thrombi at Different Stages of Evolution"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7481-6921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Pituk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"K\u00e1lm\u00e1n Laki Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Balogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"given":"Em\u0151ke","family":"Horv\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5005-3333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Hegyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0619-4235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Bar\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7628-9426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00e9ka","family":"Bog\u00e1ti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-6427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Sz\u0171cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4675-1542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Papp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3476-794X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9va","family":"Katona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1483-3703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Bereczky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60833-8","article-title":"Cardiac death and reinfarction after 1 year in the Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS): A 1-year follow-up study","volume":"371","author":"Vlaar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308789","article-title":"Thrombus aspiration during ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"369","author":"Lagerqvist","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. 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