{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:47:17Z","timestamp":1760060837097,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"2011 Grant for Fertility Innovation (GFI) from Merck Serono, KGaA. Adriana Rodrigues","award":["DL57\/2016\/CP1355\/CT0009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016\/CP1355\/CT0009"]}]},{"name":"European Union and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["DL57\/2016\/CP1355\/CT0009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016\/CP1355\/CT0009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to identify molecular markers with prognostic value for biochemical pregnancy in follicular fluid (FF) samples from women with endometriosis after assisted reproductive technology (ART) intervention. Levels of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9), bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15), and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) proteins were semi-quantified by Western blotting and microRNAs 20a_1, 145_1, 320a_1, 125-b-5p, 212-3p, and 199_a by qPCR in FF samples from women submitted to ART with a previous diagnosis of endometriosis (n = 20) or male factor infertility (controls) (n = 44). An increase in GDF-9 and BMP-15 and a decrease in AMH mature protein were observed, as well as an increase in miR20a_1 (p = 0.04), miR145_1 (p = 0.003), and miR320a_1 (p = 0.006) in FF samples collected from women with endometriosis compared with controls. A reduction was observed in miR125b-5p (p = 0.004) and 212-3p (p = 0.02) in endometriosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that miR125b-5p, miR212-3p, and miR-145_1 are potential predictors of endometriosis, and miR145_1 and miR320a_1 of biochemical pregnancy in controls. Although limited by a small sample size, the current study demonstrated alterations in AMH, BMP-15, GDF-9, and specific miRNA levels in FF samples harvested from women with endometriosis, emphasizing their potential roles in endometriosis-related infertility. These microRNAs, dysregulated in women with endometriosis, unveil their biomarker properties and their predictive value for ART success.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26199752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T12:46:56Z","timestamp":1759841216000},"page":"9752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identification of Proteins and MicroRNAs with Prognostic Value for Assisted Reproduction Technology Outcomes in Follicular Fluid of Women with Endometriosis: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5292-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Biomedicina\u2014Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Hospital Dr. N\u00e9lio Mendon\u00e7a, Servi\u00e7o de Sa\u00fade da Regi\u00e3o Aut\u00f3noma da Madeira (SESARAM), 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"\u00c2ngela","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Biomedicina\u2014Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CETI\u2014Centro de Estudo e Tratamento da Infertilidade, 4100-118 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9613-1552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana R.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Biomedicina\u2014Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o e Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o L.","family":"Silva-Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CETI\u2014Centro de Estudo e Tratamento da Infertilidade, 4100-118 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3036-3211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Biomedicina\u2014Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital CUF Porto, 4100-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3301-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delminda","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Biomedicina\u2014Unidade de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012","article-title":"Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology","volume":"62","author":"Wyns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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