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J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ageing and obesity represent major public health challenges and are associated with metabolic dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and loss of skeletal muscle mass. Resistance training (RT) is an effective strategy to increase muscle mass; however, its effects on metabolic and immune parameters in older women with obesity remain unclear. The study aimed to compare the effects of 12-week progressive overload RT programme on metabolic and immune responses in women aged 60\u201379 years with obesity and normal-weight women. Thirty older women were allocated into two groups according to body composition: women with obesity (OB: 68 \u00b1 4.21 years; body mass index [BMI] = 33.01 \u00b1 2.62 kg\/m2; body fat percentage = 42.23% \u00b1 2.98%; n = 16) and normal-weight women (NW: 66 \u00b1 4.31 years; BMI = 22.60 \u00b1 1.36 kg\/m2; body fat percentage = 33.11% \u00b1 3.61%; n = 14). At baseline, the OB group showed higher serum concentrations of leptin, insulin, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR and lower HDL cholesterol concentrations compared with the NW group, while no differences were observed in circulating cytokines or NETosis. After 12 weeks of RT, fasting glucose decreased only in the OB group (p = 0.030). Both groups exhibited reductions in total cholesterol and adiponectin, along with an increase in NETosis. Leptin, insulin, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were associated with lower muscle quality, whereas higher baseline adiponectin concentrations were associated with greater muscle mass gains in the NW group (p &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, baseline metabolic differences were observed between normal-weight older women and those with obesity; however, both groups showed changes after 12 weeks of RT in metabolic and immune parameters. Furthermore, higher baseline adiponectin concentrations were associated with greater muscle mass gains in the NW group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27177592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:00:48Z","timestamp":1787644848000},"page":"7592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of 12-Week Resistance Training on Metabolic and Immune Responses in Normal-Weight and Older Women with Obesity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Vidal-Seguel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Morfol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0320-9710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Sep\u00falveda-Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Procesos Terap\u00e9uticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Manuel Montt 056, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Doctorado en Ciencias Menci\u00f3n Biolog\u00eda Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4005-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Carranza-Leiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias de la Rehabilitaci\u00f3n, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Unidad de Kinesiolog\u00eda, Cl\u00ednica de Medicina F\u00edsica y Rehabilitaci\u00f3n\u00a0MEDIFIS, Dieciocho de Septiembre 611, Claro Solar 115, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Envejecimiento, Vejez y Calidad de Vida, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O\u2019Higgins 1058, Santiago 8330015, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nolberto","family":"Huard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Farmacogen\u00e9tica, Departamento de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Sapunar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n del C\u00e1ncer, Fundaci\u00f3n Arturo L\u00f3pez P\u00e9rez OECI Cancer Center, Jos\u00e9 Manuel Infante 805, Santiago 7500000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5112-6944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis A.","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Farmacogen\u00e9tica, Departamento de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Sanhueza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Molecular y Traslacional, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica e Inmunolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, V\u00edctor Lamas 1290, Concepci\u00f3n 4070386, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8224-0072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solange","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Bot\u00e1nica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanogr\u00e1ficas, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, V\u00edctor Lamas 1290, Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"},{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronom\u00eda, Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas, Campus El Boldal, Av. 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