{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:35:49Z","timestamp":1760236549064,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ant-like flies comprise nine Iberian endemic species of flightless Tachydromia. Severe knowledge gaps on distribution and ecological requirements hinder conservation assessments. Species distribution models were applied to unveil habitat suitability and to provide guidelines for future studies. An ensemble modeling approach combining ten different techniques was implemented with the biomod2 package. Occurrence data was partitioned into six sets, including two multi-species groups and four species. The most relevant drivers of habitat suitability are climate-related, followed by forest type and structure, according to well-defined biogeographic gradients. T. lusitanica and T. ebejeri are adapted to mild temperatures and high-humidity environments. Their distribution is connected to the Temperate\u2013Eurosiberian life zone. T. semiaptera and T. iberica are adapted to progressively drier and hotter central and southern parts of the Iberian Peninsula, connected to transitional Temperate\u2013submediterranean areas. Ant-like fly\u2019 ranges overlap with deciduous\/marcescent oak species, acting as suitable indicators of their presence in Iberia. Southern marcescent forests emerge as \u201cislands\u201d with particular interest for future prospections. Ant-like flies are threatened by several factors such as climate change and habitat destruction, including urbanization and forest fires. This study provides vital tools to better assess the ant-like flies\u2019 conservation status and to manage their habitat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12121068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T23:22:28Z","timestamp":1638314548000},"page":"1068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Ant-like Tachydromia Complex in the Iberian Peninsula\u2014Insights from Habitat Suitability Modelling for the Conservation of an Endemism (Diptera: Hybotidae)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1776-3728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia, Av. Andr\u00e9 Ara\u00fajo, 2936, Petr\u00f3polis, CP 478, Manaus CEP 69011-970, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4285-8008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Vila-Vi\u00e7osa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO (Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources)\u2014InBIO (Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology), University of Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"MHNC-UP\u2014Museum of Natural History and Science of the University of Porto\u2014PO Herbarium, University of Porto, Pra\u00e7a Gomes Teixeira, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6615-0218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO (Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources)\u2014InBIO (Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology), University of Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"proMetheus\u2014Research Unit in Materials, Energy and Environment for Sustainability, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), Avenida do Atl\u00e2ntico, No. 644, 4900-348 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5852\/ejt.2021.732.1213","article-title":"Revision of the Morphology, Phylogenetic Relationships, Behaviour and Diversity of the Iberian and Italian Ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Hybotidae)","volume":"732","author":"Grootaert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. 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