{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T12:17:23Z","timestamp":1766492243471,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inventions"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The difficulty of delivering electrical power to rural areas motivated the researchers to explore more accessible power sources. Hydropower is considered a desirable option due to its sustainability and lower costs. Pelton turbines have been widely used in hydropower plants because of their low installation and maintenance costs. This study provides a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for Pelton turbine performance under various flow conditions. The model is based on the conservation of mass principle, Newton\u2019s second law, and the first law of thermodynamics. It is used to predict the torque produced by a turbine at different rotational speeds. Previously published experimental results for the same turbine geometry and flow parameters were used to validate the model\u2019s predictions. Validation revealed that the model can reproduce the experimental results. This provides the required robustness for its use as a tool for turbine design and modification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/inventions7010022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T05:42:33Z","timestamp":1643866953000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow and Torque for Hydropower Pelton Turbine Performance Using Computational Fluid Dynamics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0651-5454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Qasim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Power Plants and Renewable Energy Sources Department, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4435-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir I.","family":"Velkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Power Plants and Renewable Energy Sources Department, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2140-0321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey E.","family":"Shcheklein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Power Plants and Renewable Energy Sources Department, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Abduljabbar O.","family":"Hanfesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electromechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq"}]},{"given":"Talib Z.","family":"Farge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electromechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3446-1695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadl A.","family":"Essa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"IoT-based pico-hydro power generation system using Pelton turbine","volume":"10","author":"Fortaleza","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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