{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T15:46:13Z","timestamp":1774626373868,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028446"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Motivation can be broadly defined as what moves people to act. Low motivation is a frequently reported factor for the reduced physical activity (PA) levels observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed patients\u2019 motives to be physically active, according to three pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) participation groups (Never PR, Previous PR and Current PR) and explored whether these motives were related to the PA levels and clinical characteristics. The motives to be physically active were assessed with the Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 (EMI-2, 14 motivational factors, five dimensions) and PA with accelerometry (PA groups: &lt;5000 steps\/day vs. \u22655000 steps\/day). The clinical variables included symptoms, impact of the disease, exercise capacity and comorbidities. Ninety-two patients (67.4 \u00b1 8.1 years, 82.6% male, forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) 48.3 \u00b1 18.9% predicted; 30.4% Never PR, 51% Previous PR and 18.5% Current PR) participated. The motivational dimensions related to health\/fitness presented the highest scores (3.8 \u00b1 1.1; 3.4 \u00b1 1.3). The motives to be active were not significantly different between PA groups (p &gt; 0.05) but having less symptoms and \u2265two comorbidities were associated with higher scores in psychological\/health and body-related motives, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). The findings may encourage health professionals to actively explore with patients their motives to be physically active to individualise PA promotion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10235631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T01:43:22Z","timestamp":1638323002000},"page":"5631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["What Motivates Patients with COPD to Be Physically Active? A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Pimenta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7092-1169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e2ndida G.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Flora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1dia","family":"Hip\u00f3lito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Burtin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REVAL\u2014Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"},{"name":"BIOMED\u2014Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada"},{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON M6M 2J5, Canada"},{"name":"Lab 3R\u2014Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8209-3719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRSP), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-028 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6826-5465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Brites-Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7874-6545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno P.","family":"Carreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Sa\u00fade Familiar Pedro e In\u00eas, ACeS Oeste Norte, 2460-492 Alcoba\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Janu\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Leiria Hospital Center, 2410-197 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"L\u00edlia","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Baixo Vouga Hospital Center, 3810-501 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vit\u00f3ria","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, District Hospital of Figueira da Foz, 3094-001 Figueira da Foz, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4403-2878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Northern Lisbon University Hospital Centre (CHULN), 1769-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (ISAMB\/FMUL), 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada"},{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON M6M 2J5, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4980-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alda","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab 3R\u2014Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4911-4469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Lab 3R\u2014Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00046814","article-title":"An official European Respiratory Society statement on physical activity in COPD","volume":"44","author":"Watz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2021.1922371","article-title":"Barriers toward Physical Activity in COPD: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional, Questionnaire-Based Study","volume":"18","author":"Sritharan","year":"2021","journal-title":"COPD J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S119806","article-title":"Barriers and enablers of physical activity engagement for patients with COPD in primary care","volume":"12","author":"Kosteli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2013.06.002","article-title":"Functional and psychological variables both affect daily physical activity in COPD: A structural equations model","volume":"107","author":"Altenburg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0b013e318262d7df","article-title":"Barriers and Enablers to Physical Activity Participation in Patients with COPD: A systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Thorpe","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cardiopulm. Rehabil. Prev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1006\/ceps.1999.1020","article-title":"Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions","volume":"25","author":"Ryan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-20","article-title":"Promoting physical activity: Development and testing of self-determination theory-based interventions","volume":"9","author":"Fortier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-18","article-title":"Self-determination theory: Its application to health behavior and complementarity with motivational interviewing","volume":"9","author":"Patrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-78","article-title":"Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Teixeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8287.1997.tb00549.x","article-title":"The measurement of exercise motives: Factorial validity and invariance across gender of a revised Exercise Motivations Inventory","volume":"2","author":"Markland","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201309-1634ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement: Key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation","volume":"188","author":"Spruit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201505-0929CI","article-title":"Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Physical Activity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"192","author":"Spruit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"CD012626","article-title":"Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","volume":"4","author":"Burge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12530","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12530","article-title":"Self-determined motivation and exercise behaviour in COPD patients","volume":"23","author":"Cho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Pract."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"12","author":"Altman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200703-456SO","article-title":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis Management and Prevention of COPD. GOLD executive summary","volume":"176","author":"Rabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805","article-title":"Standardisation of spirometry","volume":"26","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"3","article-title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e adapta\u00e7\u00e3o do Question\u00e1rio de Motiva\u00e7\u00e3o para o Exerc\u00edcio (Exercise Motivation Inventory 2\u2014EMI2)","volume":"2","author":"Alves","year":"2003","journal-title":"Desporto Investig. Ci\u00eancia"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.32.6.2","article-title":"Older Adults\u2019 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation toward Physical Activity","volume":"32","author":"Dacey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Behav."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.14198\/jhse.2017.122.18","article-title":"Influence and interpretation of intrinsic and extrinsic exercise motives","volume":"12","author":"Ednie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hum. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-0854.2009.01015.x","article-title":"Three Levels of Exercise Motivation","volume":"1","author":"Ingledew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Health Well-Being"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/135910539800300403","article-title":"Exercise motives and stages of change","volume":"3","author":"Ingledew","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Health Psychol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.35.3.7","article-title":"Exercise Engagement Is Differentially Motivated by Age-Dependent Factors","volume":"35","author":"Quindry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Behav."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2008.06.001","article-title":"Exercise motives of long-term phase IV cardiac rehabilitation participants","volume":"94","author":"Thow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-12.1.6","article-title":"The transtheoretical model","volume":"12","author":"Prochaska","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Promot."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Mout\u00e3o, J.M. (2005). Motiva\u00e7\u00e3o para a Pr\u00e1tica de Exerc\u00edcio F\u00edsico: Estudo dos Motivos para a Pr\u00e1tica de Actividades de Fitness em Gin\u00e1sios. [Master Thesis, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro]."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00134312","article-title":"Validity of physical activity monitors during daily life in patients with COPD","volume":"42","author":"Rabinovich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Remoortel, H., Raste, Y., Louvaris, Z., Giavedoni, S., Burtin, C., Langer, D., Wilson, F., Rabinovich, R., Vogiatzis, I., and Hopkinson, N.S. (2012). Validity of Six Activity Monitors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Comparison with Indirect Calorimetry. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039198"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Demeyer, H., Mohan, D., Burtin, C., Vaes, A., Heasley, M., Bowler, R.P., Casaburi, R., Cooper, C.B., Corriol-Rohou, S., and Frei, A. (2021). Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Patients with COPD: Recommendations from an International Task Force on Physical Activity. Chronic. Obstr. Pulm. Dis., in press.","DOI":"10.15326\/jcopdf.2021.0213"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199805000-00021","article-title":"Calibration of the Computer Science and Applications, Inc. accelerometer","volume":"30","author":"Freedson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2012-0235","article-title":"A step-defined sedentary lifestyle index: <5000 steps\/day","volume":"38","author":"Craig","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.4.9802091","article-title":"Analysis of clinical methods used to evaluate dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"158","author":"Hajiro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.4104\/pcrj.2009.00053","article-title":"Improving the process and outcome of care in COPD: Development of a standardised assessment tool","volume":"18","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prim. Care Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Cordeiro, A.P.S. (2012). Adapta\u00e7\u00e3o Portuguesa do Question\u00e1rio Checklist of Individual Strength (CIS20-P): An\u00e1lise das Propriedades Psicom\u00e9tricas. [Master Thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada (ISPA)\u2014Instituto Universit\u00e1rio]."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)90099-X","article-title":"Dimensional assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Vercoulen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"131","article-title":"De Checklist Individual Strength (CIS)","volume":"32","author":"Vercoulen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gedragstherapie"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.02.045","article-title":"Minimal Clinically Important Differences for Patient-Reported Outcome Measures of Fatigue in Patients with COPD Following Pulmonary Rehabilitation","volume":"158","author":"Rebelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.08.021","article-title":"Course of normal and abnormal fatigue in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and its relationship with domains of health status","volume":"85","author":"Peters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Herck, M., Antons, J., Vercoulen, J.H., Go\u00ebrtz, Y.M.J., Ebadi, Z., Burtin, C., Janssen, D.J.A., Thong, M.S.Y., Otker, J., and Coors, A. (2019). Pulmonary Rehabilitation Reduces Subjective Fatigue in COPD: A Responder Analysis. J. Clin. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.congress-2019.PA573"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"1753466619878128","article-title":"Fatigue is highly prevalent in patients with COPD and correlates poorly with the degree of airflow limitation","volume":"13","author":"Spruit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00150314","article-title":"An official European Respiratory Society\/American Thoracic Society technical standard: Field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease","volume":"44","author":"Holland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2019.06.003","article-title":"Enhancing the assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness using field tests","volume":"109","author":"Marques","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00104507","article-title":"Validation and comparison of reference equations for the 6-min walk distance test","volume":"31","author":"Cote","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2011.06.009","article-title":"Predicting outcomes from 6-minute walk distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"13","author":"Spruit","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S49621","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical impact of major comorbidities in patients with COPD","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickham, H. (2016). ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4_9"},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"R Core Team (2020). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2020.1790511","article-title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic Confronts the Motivation Fallacy within Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs","volume":"17","author":"Karloh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S315130","article-title":"The Influence of Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Counselling on Perceptions of Physical Activity in Individuals with COPD\u2014A Qualitative Study","volume":"16","author":"Scheermesser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"290","article-title":"Reasons persons with COPD do not walk and relationship with daily step count","volume":"11","author":"Danilack","year":"2014","journal-title":"COPD J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60735-1","article-title":"Correlates of physical activity: Why are some people physically active and others not?","volume":"380","author":"Bauman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-204763","article-title":"Determinants and outcomes of physical activity in patients with COPD: A systematic review","volume":"69","author":"Frei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"126","article-title":"Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research","volume":"100","author":"Caspersen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-018-1798-3","article-title":"COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures","volume":"27","author":"Prinsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Examining exercise motives between gender, age and activity: A first-order scale analysis and measurement invariance","volume":"38","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13616","article-title":"Patient assessment and selection for pulmonary rehabilitation","volume":"24","author":"Rochester","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respirology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/23\/5631\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:37:24Z","timestamp":1760168244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/10\/23\/5631"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm10235631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10235631","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]}}}