{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T18:35:29Z","timestamp":1769020529390,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["001\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["UIDB\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["UIDP\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["001\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001\/2023"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDB\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDP\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["001\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["UIDB\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["UIDP\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05704\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 have progressively displayed a range of symptoms linked to protracted COVID during the post-acute phase of illness. Concurrently, in several nations globally, the phenomenon of population aging has been intensifying. In this scenario, the aged population has become both vulnerable and high-risk during the acute phase of COVID-19, and faces significant dangers associated with long-COVID. This study seeks to analyze the incidence and spatial distribution of health complications in older people affected by COVID-19, in the first year of the pandemic (2020), in the State of Paran\u00e1, as well as to identify the factors associated with the development of cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, and metabolic diseases. Method: An observational and retrospective study was carried out in the Brazilian state of Paran\u00e1. Participants were randomly selected from two databases. A total of 893 older people (\u226560 years) participated in the study 12 months after acute COVID-19 infection. Telephone questionnaires were applied between March and December 2021. The Moran index test, logistic regression, and Poisson models were used to analyze the data. Results: In terms of age, most participants (66%) were between 60 and 69 years old, 25.8% were between 70 and 79 years old, and 8.2% were 80 years old or older. Most participants were female (51.2%), white (98.1%), had a partner (69.8%), and had been hospitalized due to COVID-19 (59.3%). Cardiovascular diseases were the most frequent in the population (39.5%), followed by metabolic diseases (27.3%). The long-term use of medication was associated with the development of metabolic diseases (aOR = 9.8), cardiovascular diseases (aOR = 6.6), and diseases in multiple organic systems (aOR = 3.2); living alone was associated with neurological diseases (aOR = 2.5), and the age group of 80 years or older (aOR = 2.4) was associated with cardiovascular events. The spatial distribution showed that complications in body groups are distributed randomly among the health regions of the state, with no influence from neighboring locations. Conclusions: Post-COVID-19 health complications are more frequent in older adults who have comorbidities and long-term medication use. Therefore, long-term monitoring of these individuals and investment in public policies for rehabilitation and prevention of complications are necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14134775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T06:03:13Z","timestamp":1751868193000},"page":"4775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spatial Distribution and Post-COVID-19 Health Complications in Older People: A Brazilian Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Franciele Aline Machado","family":"de Brito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Postgraduate Nursing, State University of Maring\u00e1, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-9535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Laranjeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 5, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, 7000-801 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9fane Lele","family":"Rossoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Department of Health Sciences, State University of Maring\u00e1, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6448-8282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amira Mohammed","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Smouha, Alexandria 21527, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Maria Aparecida","family":"Salci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Postgraduate Nursing, State University of Maring\u00e1, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"L\u00edgia","family":"Carreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Postgraduate Nursing, State University of Maring\u00e1, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universit\u00e1rio, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2025, January 10). 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