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While Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from genetic, environmental, or immune dysfunction factors leading to pancreatic \u03b2-cell destruction depriving the organism from endogenous insulin, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance. Depending on the type of diabetes mellitus and drug mechanism to study, the animal model should be carefully selected among the wide variety of the currently available ones. This review discusses the most common animal models currently employed to study T1DM and T2DM. Moreover, an overview on the administration routes that could be used is also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8091332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T11:23:18Z","timestamp":1566991398000},"page":"1332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Sugar-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome\u2014Strategies for In Vivo Administration: Part-II"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5652-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Vieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Selma B.","family":"Souto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Braga Hospital, Sete Fontes, 4710-243 S\u00e3o Victor Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2571-108X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"S\u00e1nchez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n biom\u00e9dica en red de enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"L\u00f3pez Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6527-6612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Industrial Biotechnology Program, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Sajan","family":"Jose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Cheruvandoor Campus, Ettumanoor, Kerala 686631, India"}]},{"given":"Antonello","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7524-9914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environment, University of Tr\u00e1s-os Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Fortuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CIBIT\u2014Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4526-3344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n biom\u00e9dica en red de enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Eliana B.","family":"Souto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pickup, J.C., and Williams, G. (2003). The diagnosis and classification of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Textbook of Diabetes, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (1999). World Health Organization: Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. 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