{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T17:02:57Z","timestamp":1773507777076,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["UIDB\/00285\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00285\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associated Laboratory","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associated Laboratory","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associated Laboratory","award":["UIDB\/00285\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00285\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associated Laboratory","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associated Laboratory","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFB"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To identify the in vitro techniques used for a microleakage evaluation of restorative materials of coronary structure through a scoping and mapping review. Data: This scoping review aims to answer the following question: \u201cwhat methods are currently for the microleakage assessment of coronary restorative materials?\u201d Sources: The Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2020 and 2024. The results obtained were grouped according to the evaluation method, and a narrative synthesis was made. Study Selection: The literature search identified 1014 articles, and 353 publications were excluded by title and abstract screening. From the remaining 297, thirty-three were excluded. Additionally, 8 articles could not be retrieved, which resulted in the inclusion of 256 articles. The results were grouped according to the type of microleakage evaluation method, resulting in four major categories: colorimetric, imaging, nuclear medicine, and microbiological methods. Conclusions: Currently, several microleakage assessment techniques are being used, with the dye method being the most reported one. Several variations in the experimental protocols exist, which make it difficult to compare the results. The use of dyes and nuclear medicine methods is sensitive and can be used to evaluate microleakage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb16060210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T10:10:16Z","timestamp":1749031816000},"page":"210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In Vitro Techniques for Microleakage Evaluation of Coronary Restorative Materials: A Scoping and Mapping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"Vieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9269-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Miguel","family":"Marto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pathology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biophysics, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2924-7926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Amaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3283-5104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Orthodontics, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2615-2929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Orthodontics, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3914-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siri","family":"Paulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Endodontics, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-6161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Marques","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Endodontics, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5759-5557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunice","family":"Carrilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6154-4173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Area of Environment, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovate Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Polo III, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Avenida Bissaya Barreto, Blocos de Celas, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2011.01294.x","article-title":"Current Aspects on Bonding Effectiveness and Stability in Adhesive Dentistry","volume":"56","author":"Cardoso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust. 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