{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:25:09Z","timestamp":1777505109416,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stretching is usually used as part of rehabilitation protocols for groin pain or injury, but its specific contribution to and within multimodal recovery protocols is unclear. Our goal was to systematically review the effects of stretching for the recovery from groin pain or injury. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, with eligibility criteria defined according to PICOS: (Participants) athletes with groin pain or injuries; (Interventions) interventions with stretching as the differentiating factor; (Comparators) comparators not applying stretching; (Outcomes) symptom remission or improvement and\/or time to return to sport and\/or return to play; (Study design) randomized controlled trials. Searches were performed on 26 March 2021, in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, with no limitations regarding language or date, and no filters. Of 117 retrieved results, 65 were duplicates and 49 were excluded at the screening stage. The three articles eligible for full-text analysis failed to comply with one or more inclusion criteria (participants, intervention and\/or comparators). We then went beyond the protocol and searched for non-randomized trials and case series, but no intervention was found where stretching was the differentiating factor. We found no trials specifically assessing the effects of stretching on recovery or improvement of groin pain or injury in athletes. Currently, the efficacy of these interventions is unknown, and more research is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk6030073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T03:13:17Z","timestamp":1630465997000},"page":"73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Stretching for Recovery from Groin Pain or Injury in Athletes: A Critical and Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-393X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI<sub>2<\/sub>D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0263-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Gustavo","family":"Claudino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomechanics, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-010, Brazil"},{"name":"Research and Development Department, LOAD CONTROL, Contagem 32280-440, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9002-8976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lder","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Moreira-Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI<sub>2<\/sub>D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Marques","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI<sub>2<\/sub>D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9813-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe Manuel","family":"Clemente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun\u2019\u00c1lvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Delega\u00e7\u00e3o da Covilh\u00e3, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2035-3279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Ramirez-Campillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Santiago 8320000, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Fisiolog\u00eda del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 7500000, Chile"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0742-y","article-title":"Exercise interventions for the prevention and treatment of groin pain and injury in athletes: A critical and systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Charlton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094839","article-title":"Minimum reporting standards for clinical research on groin pain in athletes","volume":"49","author":"Delahunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. 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