{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:54:21Z","timestamp":1760144061883,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04923\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04923\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JFMK"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the most important implications of technology in swimming is to control training loads. Lactate control, video-analysis of the technique or the assessment of specific actions, i.e., the vertical jump, have helped to provide load adaptation indicators in swimmers in recent decades. However, these indicators have led to a longer application time, due to their indirect procedure and the need to analyze each variable. The aim of this study was to analyze whether inspiratory spirometry values can serve as a training load control tool in swimmers. Countermovement jump (CMJ), Inspiratory Force Index (S-INDEX) and Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF) were evaluated with a load of 3 cm H2O before, during and after performing a swimming performance test (critical speed test: specific warming up, 400 m and 100 m freestyle). Positive correlations were found between S-INDEX and jump height after warm-up, after 400 m and at the end of 100 m (Spearman = 0.470, R2 = 0.280; Spearman = 0.508, R2 = 0.392; Spearman = 0.458, R2 = 0.359, p &lt; 0.05, respectively). Moreover, positive correlations were also found between PIF and jump height at the same evaluated moments (Spearman = 0.461, R2 = 0.305; Spearman = 0.493, R2 = 0.386; Spearman = 0.454, R2 = 0.374, p &lt; 0.05). Both the S-INDEX and the PIF could serve as useful tools for swimmer load control, allowing coaches to make more immediate decisions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk9010053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T04:36:31Z","timestamp":1710822991000},"page":"53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring Indicators for Training Load Control in Young Swimmers: The Role of Inspiratory Spirometry Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7425-8694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Feria-Madue\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8533-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Batalha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Germ\u00e1n","family":"Monterrubio-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardenal Sp\u00ednola CEU University Studies Center, 41930 Bormujos, Spain"},{"name":"Club Nataci\u00f3n Mairena del Aljarafe, Mairena del Aljarafe, 41927 Seville, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5254-7409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose A.","family":"Parraca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2021.564","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Biomechanical Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Strength and Conditioning Training Programs on Front Crawl Swimming Performance","volume":"20","author":"Kwok","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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