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The manufacturing sector, a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions and resource consumption, is increasingly adopting technologies that reduce environmental impact while maintaining economic growth. Selective laser melting (SLM), as the subsection LPBF technologies, is highlighted for its capability to produce high-performance, lightweight, and complex components with minimal material waste, thus aligning with circular economy goals for metal alloys. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) analyses are essential methods for evaluating the sustainability of any new technology. Sustainable technologies could support the concepts of the factory of the future (FoF), fulfilling the requirements of digital transformation and digital twins. This overview study reveals that implementing AM\u2014specifically SLM\u2014has the potential to reduce the environmental impact of manufacturing. It underscores the ability of these technologies to promote sustainable and efficient manufacturing practices, thereby accelerating the shift from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp9010018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T03:48:11Z","timestamp":1736480891000},"page":"18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Sustainable Additive Manufacturing: An Overview on Life Cycle Impacts and Cost Efficiency of Laser Powder Bed Fusion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4145-3298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramin","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CiTin\u2014Centro de Interface Tecnol\u00f3gico Industrial, 4970-786 Arcos de Valdevez, Portugal"},{"name":"proMetheus\u2014Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7739-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashir","family":"Bashiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia"},{"name":"TFTAK, M\u00e4ealuse 2\/4 B, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6944-7757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9rgio I.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CiTin\u2014Centro de Interface Tecnol\u00f3gico Industrial, 4970-786 Arcos de Valdevez, Portugal"},{"name":"ADiT-Lab, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8545-0478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abrar","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia"},{"name":"Institute of Sustainable Building Materials and Engineering Systems, Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas iela 6A, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5084-6336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Himanshu S.","family":"Maurya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Lule\u00e5 University of Technology, SE 97187 Lule\u00e5, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8371-7810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raivo","family":"Vilu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia"},{"name":"TFTAK, M\u00e4ealuse 2\/4 B, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2023.05.102","article-title":"A LCA and LCC analysis of pure subtractive manufacturing, wire arc additive manufacturing, and selective laser melting approaches","volume":"101","author":"Kokare","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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