{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T08:26:49Z","timestamp":1778056009196,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"MARE minigrant","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory ARNET","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"2015 ARDITI Grant Program Madeira 14\u201320","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"Observat\u00f3rio Oce\u00e2nico da Madeira-OOM","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Individual Call","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR (MAC\/4.6.d\/066)"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIMAR+ (MAC2\/4.6.d\/249)"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE-000002"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146881\/37 2019"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["2020.01797.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01797.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"FCT, under the Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECINST\/00098\/2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMSE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The synergistic effects of biological invasions have long been considered significant causes of biodiversity loss worldwide. Therefore, early detection monitoring is crucial in mitigating nonindigenous species (NIS) threats. In the marine environment, settlement plates were used as monitoring devices in ports, but this method was mainly applied to assess the sessile benthic community and is less efficient in collecting the mobile biota and accessing its diversity. Moreover, as the potential expansion of NIS to the surrounding coastal environment is still poorly understood, a pilot study was conducted focusing on two aspects: (i) improving the feasibility of the settling method under different environmental contexts and (ii) enhancing the capacity of the developed prototypes to collect more representative samples (i.e., sessile and mobile biota). Three different prototypes were designed: a box prototype consisting of PVC plates encapsulated by a plastic bottle, a CD prototype with CDs surrounded by a net, and a PVC prototype with uncovered PVC plates. The prototypes were deployed inside a marina and in an outside area on Madeira Island, Portugal. Results indicate that the PVC prototype was the most efficient regarding monitoring the sessile community, whereas the box prototype showed the highest abundance of the mobile fauna. The location influenced both the sessile community composition and the number of mobile taxa. Our findings suggest combining features from prototypes to encompass the whole benthic community better.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse11020264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T01:29:45Z","timestamp":1674523785000},"page":"264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Monitoring Non-Indigenous Species with Passive Sampling Methods in an Oceanic Island"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2924-8152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Diem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcio","family":"Ramalhosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"OOM\u2014Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Cacabelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Hydrosphere\u2014Environmental Laboratory for the Study of Aquatic Ecosystems, Isla de Toralla s\/n, 36331 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4462-4141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmine","family":"Ferrario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1051-4131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipe","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3401-6495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Gama","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3539-9942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Chainho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3556-0492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher Kim","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMAR\/Okeanos, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9900-140 Horta, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2143-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Canning-Clode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8409-0821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5521-3255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignacio","family":"Gestoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o (ARDITI), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of C\u00e1diz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pecl, G.T., Ara\u00fajo, M.B., Bell, J.D., Blanchard, J., Bonebrake, T.C., Chen, I.C., Clark, T.D., Colwell, R.K., Danielsen, F., and Eveng\u00e5rd, B. (2017). Biodiversity Redistribution under Climate Change: Impacts on Ecosystems and Human Well-Being. Science, 355.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai9214"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biz101","article-title":"A Conceptual Framework for Range-Expanding Species That Track Human-Induced Environmental Change","volume":"69","author":"Essl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vil\u00e0, M., and Hulme, P.E. (2017). Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-45121-3"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2022.113681","article-title":"Shipping in the North-East Atlantic: Identifying Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Change","volume":"179","author":"Robbins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2014.09.008","article-title":"Cruise Tourism Environmental Impacts - The Perspective from the Adriatic Sea","volume":"102","author":"Mackelworth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ocean Coast. Manag."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133637","article-title":"A Review on the Environmental Impacts of Shipping on Aquatic and Nearshore Ecosystems","volume":"695","author":"Brutemark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2009.01751.x","article-title":"The Introduction of Coastal Infrastructure as a Driver of Change in Marine Environments","volume":"47","author":"Bulleri","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-597X(03)00041-1","article-title":"Marine Invasive Alien Species: A Threat to Global Biodiversity","volume":"27","author":"Bax","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mar. Policy"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.106147","article-title":"Assessment of the Colonization and Dispersal Success of Non-Indigenous Species Introduced in Recreational Marinas along the Estuarine Gradient","volume":"113","author":"Afonso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1890\/070064","article-title":"Assessing the Global Threat of Invasive Species to Marine Biodiversity","volume":"6","author":"Molnar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2011.05418.x","article-title":"Monitoring Endangered Freshwater Biodiversity Using Environmental DNA","volume":"21","author":"Thomsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.114549","article-title":"Material Type Influences the Abundance but Not Richness of Colonising Organisms on Marine Structures","volume":"307","author":"Dodds","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/14634988.2015.1027534","article-title":"Invasion History and Vector Dynamics in Coastal Marine Ecosystems: A North American Perspective","volume":"18","author":"Ruiz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquat. Ecosyst. Heal. Manag."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seares.2018.10.002","article-title":"Fouling Assemblages of Native, Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species on Artificial Structures, Depths and Temporal Variation Fouling Assemblages of Native, Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species on Artificial Structures, Depths and Temporal Variation","volume":"144","author":"Albano","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sea Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.147868","article-title":"A Global-Scale Screening of Non-Native Aquatic Organisms to Identify Potentially Invasive Species under Current and Future Climate Conditions","volume":"788","author":"Vilizzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BINV.0000034598.28718.2e","article-title":"Options for Managing Invasive Marine Species","volume":"6","author":"Thresher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/37.6.621","article-title":"Global Invasions of Marine and Estuarine Habitats by Non-Indigenous Species: Mechanisms, Extent, and Consequences","volume":"37","author":"Ruiz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. Zool."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Png-gonzalez, L., Gestoso, I., Soledad, \u00c1., and Nogueira, N. (2021). Non-Indigenous Species on Artificial Coastal Environments: Experimental Comparison between Aquaculture Farms and Recreational Marinas. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse9101121"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2017.1351958","article-title":"Role of Commercial Harbours and Recreational Marinas in the Spread of Non-Indigenous Fouling Species","volume":"33","author":"Ferrario","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1111\/maec.12354","article-title":"Material Type and Roughness Influence Structure of Inter-Tidal Communities on Coastal Defenses","volume":"37","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parretti, P., Canning-Clode, J., Ferrario, J., Marchini, A., Botelho, A.Z., Ramalhosa, P., and Costa, A.C. (2020). Free Rides to Diving Sites: The Risk of Marine Non-Indigenous Species Dispersal. Ocean Coast. Manag., 190.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2020.105158"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Ferrario, J., Occhipinti, A., and Bandi, A. (2019). High Occurrence of Non-Indigenous Species on Recreational Boat Hulls in the Mediterranean Sea. Biol. Mar. Mediterr, 239\u2013242."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3391\/ai.2013.8.3.02","article-title":"Marine Invasions on a Subtropical Island: Fouling Studies and New Records in a Recent Marina on Madeira Island (Eastern Atlantic Ocean)","volume":"8","author":"Fofonoff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aquat. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Konstantinos, T., Andreas, P., David, C., Stavros, A., C\u00e1tia, B., Angela, B.G., Ulrik, B., Simona, B., Christian, B., and Jo\u00e3o, C. (2021). Marine Strategy Framework Directive Descriptor 2, Non-Indigenous Species, Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Tsiamis, K., Gervasini, E., Deriu, I., D\u2019Amico, F., Nunes, A.L., Addamo, A.M., Cardoso, A.C., D\u2019Amico, F., Nunes, A.L., and Addamo, A.M. (2017). Baseline Distribution of Invasive Alien Species of Union Concern, Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3391\/mbi.2015.6.2.03","article-title":"IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group: Invasive Alien Species Information Management Supporting Practitioners, Policy Makers and Decision Takers","volume":"6","author":"Pagad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Manag. Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"196","article-title":"Established Non-Indigenous Species Increased by 40% in 11 Years in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"23","author":"Zenetos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mediterr. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3354\/ab00302","article-title":"Recreational Boats as Potential Vectors of Marine Organisms at an Invasion Hotspot","volume":"11","author":"Davidson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aquat. Biol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-020-02285-7","article-title":"Starting the Stowaway Pathway: The Role of Dispersal Behavior in the Invasion Success of Low-Mobile Marine Species","volume":"22","author":"Ros","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28134","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2000174117","article-title":"A Global Network of Marine Protected Areas for Food","volume":"117","author":"Cabral","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.31.1.481","article-title":"Invasion of Coastal Marine Communities in North America: Apparent Patterns, Processes, and Biases","volume":"31","author":"Ruiz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.02.055","article-title":"Monitoring of Sessile and Mobile Epifauna \u2013 Considerations for Non-Indigenous Species","volume":"141","author":"Outinen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"101883","article-title":"Population Dynamics and Life History Traits of the Non-Indigenous Paranthura Japonica Richardson (1909) in a Recently Invaded Mediterranean Site","volume":"46","author":"Scribano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679-87592010000300005","article-title":"Substrate Type as a Selective Tool against Colonization by Non-Native Sessile Invertebrates","volume":"58","author":"Cangussu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brazilian J. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"de Rivera, C., Ruiz, G., Crooks, J., Wasson, K., Lonhart, S., Fofonoff, P., Steves, B., Rumrill, S., Brancato, M., and Pegau, S. (2005). Broad-Scale Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Along the West Coast in National Marine Sanctuaries and National Estuarine Research Reserves: Report to National Fish & Wildlife Foundation. Otro, 1\u201324."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700730","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.700730","article-title":"Monitoring Non-Indigenous Species in Port Habitats: First Application of a Standardized North American Protocol in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"8","author":"Tamburini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.3391\/mbi.2017.8.4.11","article-title":"Settlement Plates as Monitoring Devices for Non-Indigenous Species in Marine Fouling Communities","volume":"8","author":"Marraffini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Manag. Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572680","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2020.572680","article-title":"A Marine Biodiversity Observation Network for Genetic Monitoring of Hard-Bottom Communities (ARMS-MBON)","volume":"7","author":"Obst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2016.00213","article-title":"Implementing and Innovating Marine Monitoring Approaches for Assessing Marine Environmental Status","volume":"3","author":"Danovaro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palomino-Alvarez, L.A., Vital, X.G., Castillo-Cupul, R.E., Su\u00e1rez-Mozo, N.Y., Ugalde, D., Cervantes-Campero, G., Muci\u00f1o-Reyes, M.R., Hom\u00e1-Canch\u00e9, P., Hern\u00e1ndez-D\u00edaz, Y.Q., and Sotelo-Casas, R. (2021). Evaluation of the Use of Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (Arms) for Describing the Species Diversity of Two Coral Reefs in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Diversity, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/d13110579"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s10236-012-0528-6","article-title":"Complex Geophysical Wake Flows Madeira Archipelago Case Study","volume":"62","author":"Caldeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ocean Dyn."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"101333","article-title":"Exploring Marine Invasions Connectivity in a NE Atlantic Island through the Lens of Historical Maritime Traffic Patterns","volume":"37","author":"Castro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2022.113898","article-title":"Anthropogenic Pressure Leads to More Introductions: Marine Traffic and Artificial Structures in Offshore Islands Increases Non-Indigenous Species","volume":"181","author":"Castro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3391\/bir.2014.3.4.04","article-title":"First Record of Branchiomma Bairdi McIntosh, 1885 (Annelida: Sabellidae) from Madeira Island, Portugal (Northeastern Atlantic Ocean)","volume":"3","author":"Ramalhosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioInvasions Rec."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s10152-016-0465-8","article-title":"Diversity of Bugulidae (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) Colonizing Artificial Substrates in the Madeira Archipelago (NE Atlantic Ocean)","volume":"71","author":"Ramalhosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Helgol. Mar. Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.03.017","article-title":"Marine Protected Communities against Biological Invasions: A Case Study from an Offshore Island","volume":"119","author":"Gestoso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s12526-016-0592-0","article-title":"Three Non-Indigenous Species from Madeira Harbors, Including a New Species of Parasmittina (Bryozoa)","volume":"48","author":"Souto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3391\/ai.2018.13.2.06","article-title":"Biotic Effects during the Settlement Process of Non-Indigenous Species in Marine Benthic Communities","volume":"13","author":"Gestoso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquat. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2699","DOI":"10.1007\/s12526-019-00999-z","article-title":"Cronius Ruber (Lamarck, 1818) Arrives to Madeira Island: A New Indication of the Ongoing Tropicalization of the Northeastern Atlantic","volume":"49","author":"Monteiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramalhosa, P., Nebra, A., Gestoso, I., and Canning-Clode, J. (2017). First Record of the Non-Indigenous Isopods Paracerceis Sculpta (Holmes, 1904) and Sphaeroma Walkeri Stebbing, 1905 (Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae) for Madeira Island. Crustaceana, 90.","DOI":"10.1163\/15685403-00003727"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.2307\/2265767","article-title":"Biological Invasions and Cryptogenic Species","volume":"77","author":"Carlton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2015.06.019","article-title":"Non-Indigenous Species in Portuguese Coastal Areas, Coastal Lagoons, Estuaries and Islands","volume":"167","author":"Chainho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"101672","article-title":"Ascidian Biodiversity in the Shallow Waters of the Madeira Archipelago: Fouling Studies on Artificial Substrates and New Records","volume":"43","author":"Ramalhosa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2005.11.009","article-title":"Coral Point Count with Excel Extensions (CPCe): A Visual Basic Program for the Determination of Coral and Substrate Coverage Using Random Point Count Methodology","volume":"32","author":"Kohler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comput. Geosci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pires, M.M., Grech, M.G., Stenert, C., Maltchik, L., Epele, L.B., McLean, K.I., Kneitel, J.M., Bell, D.A., Greig, H.S., and Gagne, C.R. (2021). Does Taxonomic and Numerical Resolution Affect the Assessment of Invertebrate Community Structure in New World Freshwater Wetlands?. Ecol. Indic., 125.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.107437"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1111\/ddi.12301","article-title":"Corridors for Aliens but Not for Natives: Effects of Marine Urban Sprawl at a Regional Scale","volume":"21","author":"Airoldi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Divers. Distrib."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"32","article-title":"A New Method for Non-Parametric Multivariate Analysis of Variance","volume":"26","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Austral Ecol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, M.J. (2017). Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA). Wiley StatsRef Stat. Ref. Online, 1\u201315.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118445112.stat07841"},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Clarke, K.R., Gorley, R.N., Sommerfield, P.J., and Warwick, R.M. (2014). Change in Marine Communities: An Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation, PRIMER-E Ltd."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3391\/ai.2020.15.2.01","article-title":"Marine Fouling Communities from Artificial and Natural Habitats: Comparison of Resistance to Chemical and Physical Disturbances","volume":"15","author":"Ferrario","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquat. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s10152-018-0517-3","article-title":"Variability in the Settlement of Non-Indigenous Species in Benthic Communities from an Oceanic Island","volume":"72","author":"Riera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Helgol. Mar. Res."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Revanales, T., Guerra-Garc\u00eda, J.M., and Ros, M. (2022). Colonization Dynamics of Potential Stowaways Inhabiting Marinas: Lessons from Caprellid Crustaceans. Water, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/w14172659"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-4642.2007.00430.x","article-title":"Pollution Reduces Native Diversity and Increases Invader Dominance in Marine Hard-Substrate Communities","volume":"14","author":"Piola","year":"2008","journal-title":"Divers. Distrib."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3354\/meps13710","article-title":"Winners and Losers: Prevalence of Non-Indigenous Species under Simulated Marine Heatwaves and High Propagule Pressure","volume":"668","author":"Castro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155911","article-title":"Pollution Gradient Leads to Local Adaptation and Small-Scale Spatial Variability of Communities and Functions in an Urban Marine Environment","volume":"838","author":"Gauff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnston, E.L., Dafforn, K.A., Clark, G.F., Rius, M., and Floerl, O. (2017). How Anthropogenic Activities Affect the Establishment and Spread of Non-Indigenous Species Post-Arrival, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/b21944-6"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.02.066","article-title":"Lessons from Photo Analyses of Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures as Tools to Detect (Bio-)Geographical, Spatial, and Environmental Effects","volume":"141","author":"David","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"Tait, L., and Inglis, G. (2016). Optimising Settlement Arrays for Surveillance of Non-Indigenous Biofouling Species."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-022-02802-w","article-title":"Identifying Key Processes and Drivers Affecting the Presence of Non-Indigenous Marine Species in Coastal Waters","volume":"24","author":"Lindegren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.809327","article-title":"Detecting Rare Species With Passive Sampling Tools: Optimizing the Duration and Frequency of Sampling for Benthic Taxa","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3354\/meps14052","article-title":"Persistent Dominance of Non-Indigenous Species in the Inner Part of a Marina Highlighted by Multi-Year Photographic Monitoring","volume":"690","author":"Rondeau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2021.105293","article-title":"Comparison of Biofouling on 3D-Printing Materials in the Marine Environment","volume":"164","author":"Ryley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2779","DOI":"10.1080\/1478643031000148451","article-title":"The Effects of Surface Topography on the Accumulation of Biofouling","volume":"83","author":"Kerr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Philos. Mag."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.02.072","article-title":"Metal Pollution Affects Both Native and Non-Indigenous Biofouling Recruitment in a Subtropical Island System","volume":"141","author":"Ramalhosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."}],"container-title":["Journal of Marine Science and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-1312\/11\/2\/264\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:14:27Z","timestamp":1760120067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-1312\/11\/2\/264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["jmse11020264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jmse11020264","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-1312"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-1312","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]}}}