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It also incorporates results from different previous studies, when data from in situ measurements, satellite observations, and numerical simulations and climate reanalysis have been considered and analyzed. The reviewed studies cover a wide time span from historical data in the late 20th century to projections extending until 2100, considering the climate change impact. They focus on both localized coastal regions (predominantly Romanian waters) and the larger Black Sea Basin. The comparative analysis identifies the northwestern part of the sea as the most favorable region for the development of offshore wind farms. The present work also discusses the environmental implications and technological development of different types of wave energy converters (WECs) and their use in hybrid systems integrating multiple marine energy resources. The review concludes by highlighting the region\u2019s outstanding potential for renewable energy and stressing the need for technological development, regional policy integration, and investment in infrastructure to enable sustainable marine energy harnessing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse13091643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T15:49:34Z","timestamp":1756309774000},"page":"1643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Review Concerning the Offshore Wind and Wave Energy Potential in the Black Sea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0210-3991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Silion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, \u201cDun\u0103rea de Jos\u201d University of Gala\u021bi, 47 Domneasc\u0103 St., 800 008 Gala\u021bi, Romania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8179-1347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Rusu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, \u201cDun\u0103rea de Jos\u201d University of Gala\u021bi, 47 Domneasc\u0103 St., 800 008 Gala\u021bi, Romania"},{"name":"Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, 26 Dacia Boulevard, 030 167 Bucharest, Romania"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gr.2022.02.002","article-title":"Globalization and CO2 Emissions in the Presence of EKC: A Global Panel Data Analysis","volume":"106","author":"Farooq","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gondwana Res."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Purece, C. 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