{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T02:44:20Z","timestamp":1776566660619,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMSE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Shallow coastal lagoons driven by tidal processes are extremely dynamic environments prone to continuous natural and anthropogenic pressures. The hydrodynamics of these systems deeply depends on the effect of local morphology on the tidal propagation, so their permanent evolution constantly changes tidal dependent processes. For this reason, the present work aims to review the main characteristics of Ria de Aveiro hydrodynamics, a shallow lagoon located at the Atlantic Coast of Portugal, evaluating its evolution over the last 30 years (between 1987 and 2020) and investigating the main morphological changes in its origin. For this purpose, a comparative analysis is performed to determine the main process, including the observed hydrodynamic changes: Deepening of the inlet channel or of the main lagoon channels. To achieve these goals, the authors explored a remarkable database including bathymetric, tide gauge, and salinity data from 1987 until the present. This analysis is completed by the exploitation of a hydrodynamical model (Delft3D), validated against field data. Several simulations were performed to analyse changes in tidal propagation along the lagoon channels (considering the main semi-diurnal constituent M2), tidal asymmetry, tidal currents, tidal prism, and salinity patterns. The results show that the general deepening of the lagoon observed between 1987 and 2020 led to important changes in the lagoon hydrodynamics, namely the increase\/decrease of the M2 constituent amplitude\/phase, as well as the increase of tidal currents and salt intrusion within the entire lagoon, with the changes being amplified towards the head of the main channels. Although the inlet deepening partially contributed to the modifications found, the results revealed that the deepening of the main lagoon channels had the most significant contribution to the changes observed during the last 30 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse9020234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T14:23:27Z","timestamp":1614003807000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["A Comprehensive Estuarine Hydrodynamics-Salinity Study: Impact of Morphologic Changes on Ria de Aveiro (Atlantic Coast of Portugal)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7613-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Miguel","family":"Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Picado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0872-1289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina Lurdes","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4031-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio Miguel","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADAI\/LAETA, Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics, Rua Pedro Hispano, 12, PT-3030-289 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CITAB\u2014Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo Gabriel","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB\u2014Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Studies in Education, Technologies and Health (CI&amp;DETS), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Campus Polit\u00e9cnico, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0422-9894(08)70006-0","article-title":"Chapter 1 Coastal Lagoons","volume":"Volume 60","author":"Kjerfve","year":"1994","journal-title":"Elsevier Oceanography Series"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s10236-005-0015-4","article-title":"Horizontal Patterns of Water Temperature and Salinity in an Estuarine Tidal Channel: Ria de Aveiro","volume":"55","author":"Vaz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ocean Dyn."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.2112\/SI65-196.1","article-title":"Influence of Morphological Changes in a Lagoon Flooding Extension: Case Study of Ria de Aveiro (Portugal)","volume":"165","author":"Lopes","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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