{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T20:18:32Z","timestamp":1770495512092,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pacto da Bioeconomia azul","award":["C644915664-00000026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C644915664-00000026"]}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU European Fund and the Portuguese Recovery and Resilience Plan"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04565\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04565\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04565\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04565\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FCT"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study provides the first systematic characterization of culturable yeast diversity associated with large-scale cultivation of Tisochrysis lutea. This marine haptophyte is widely used in aquaculture for its high content of essential fatty acids, pigments, and other bioactive compounds. Culture sampling was conducted at Necton S.A. facilities (Olh\u00e3o, Portugal) over full production cycles from 5 L flasks until tubular photobioreactors during the months of May and June. The study aimed to identify and isolate the present yeast species and evaluate their physiological traits relevant to potential co-cultivation strategies. All retained isolates belonged to the phylum Basidiomycota, with six species identified: Rhodotorula sphaerocarpa (45%), R. mucilaginosa (20%), R. diobovata (13%), Vishniacozyma carnescens (16%), Naganishia diffluens (3%), and Moesziomyces aphidis (3%). Temperature growth profiles (10\u201340 \u00b0C), tolerance to artificial sea water, and auxin production were characterized, revealing that, except for V. carnescens, the yeast isolates grow optimally at 25\u201330 \u00b0C, within the ideal range for T. lutea cultivation. Results suggest that some of these marine yeasts, particularly R. sphaerocarpa and R. mucilaginosa isolates, could serve as biological enhancers of algal productivity, in situ. This foundational work supports future efforts to develop targeted yeast management or co-cultivation strategies, with the goal of improving biomass yield and metabolite production in industrial T. lutea photobioreactors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11110818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T12:55:31Z","timestamp":1763556931000},"page":"818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Yeast Species Associated with Industrial Cultures of the Marine Microalgae Tisochrysis lutea: Temperature Profiles and Auxin Production"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Madalena","family":"Matos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica A.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4265-5622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natacha","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Necton S.A., Belamandil, 8700-152 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"MED\u2014Instituto Mediterr\u00e2neo para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9008-4436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tam\u00e1ra F.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences, Campus Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3101-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences, Campus Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, Campus Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2525-1386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre M. C.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Necton S.A., Belamandil, 8700-152 Olh\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2208-5183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"S\u00e1-Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iBB\u2014Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geng, Y., Shaukat, A., Azhar, W., Raza, Q.-U.-A., Tahir, A., Abideen, M.Z.u., Zia, M.A.B., Bashir, M.A., and Rehim, A. (2025). Microalgal biorefineries: A systematic review of technological trade-offs and innovation pathways. Biotechnol. Biofuels Bioprod., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13068-025-02694-7"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-024-03233-x","article-title":"Tisochrysis lutea as a source of omega-3 polar lipids and fucoxanthin: Extraction and characterization using green solvents and advanced techniques","volume":"36","author":"Ospina","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dolganyuk, V., Belova, D., Babich, O., Prosekov, A., Ivanova, S., Katserov, D., Patyukov, N., and Sukhikh, S. (2020). Microalgae: A Promising Source of Valuable Bioproducts. Biomolecules, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10081153"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2021.08.005","article-title":"Fucoxanthin and docosahexaenoic acid production by cold-adapted Tisochrysis lutea","volume":"66","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-018-0580-9","article-title":"Effect of cultivation mode on the production of docosahexaenoic acid by Tisochrysis lutea","volume":"8","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.736077","article-title":"Production optimisation of Tisochrysis lutea as a live feed for juvenile Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata, using large-scale photobioreactors","volume":"533","author":"Leal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-013-0037-0","article-title":"On the description of Tisochrysis lutea gen. nov. sp. nov. and Isochrysis nuda sp. nov. in the Isochrysidales, and the transfer of Dicrateria to the Prymnesiales (Haptophyta)","volume":"25","author":"Bendif","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2025.103904","article-title":"Metabolic interactions between microalgae and bacteria: Multifunctional ecological interplay and environmental applications","volume":"86","author":"Patidar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koneru, H., Bamba, S., Bell, A., Estrada-Graf, A.A., and Johnson, Z.I. (2025). Integrating microbial communities into algal biotechnology: A pathway to enhanced commercialization. Front. Microbiol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1555579"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lauritano, C., and Galasso, C. (2023). Microbial Interactions between Marine Microalgae and Fungi: From Chemical Ecology to Biotechnological Possible Applications. Mar. Drugs, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/md21050310"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonz\u00e1lez, L.M., and de-Bashan, L.E. (2021). Toward the Enhancement of Microalgal Metabolite Production through Microalgae\u2013Bacteria Consortia. Biology, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10040282"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matos, M., Fernandes, M.A., Costa, I., Coelho, N., Santos, T.F., Rossetto, V., Varela, J., and S\u00e1-Correia, I. (2025). Culturable Yeast Diversity Associated with Industrial Cultures of the Microalga Microchloropsis gaditana and Their Ability to Produce Lipids and Biosurfactants. J. Fungi, 11.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5107945"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laezza, C., Salbitani, G., and Carfagna, S. (2022). Fungal Contamination in Microalgal Cultivation: Biological and Biotechnological Aspects of Fungi-Microalgae Interaction. J. Fungi, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8101099"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naseema Rasheed, R., Pourbakhtiar, A., Mehdizadeh Allaf, M., Baharlooeian, M., Rafiei, N., Alishah Aratboni, H., Morones-Ramirez, J.R., and Winck, F.V. (2023). Microalgal co-cultivation -recent methods, trends in omic-studies, applications, and future challenges. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1193424"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00097-06","article-title":"Algae need their vitamins","volume":"5","author":"Croft","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13296","article-title":"The effect of the algal microbiome on industrial production of microalgae","volume":"11","author":"Lian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, C.-G., Kong, C.-C., Li, S.-M., Wang, X.-J., Yu, X., Wang, Y.-C., Qin, S., and Cui, H.-L. (2025). Symbiotic microalgae and microbes: A new frontier in saline agriculture. Front. Microbiol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1540274"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16952","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-05138-6","article-title":"Co-culturing of oleaginous microalgae and yeast: Paradigm shift towards enhanced lipid productivity","volume":"26","author":"Arora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-013-9310-6","article-title":"Temperature effect on microalgae: A crucial factor for outdoor production","volume":"12","author":"Steyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Sci. Bio\/Technol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinr\u00fccken, P., Jackson, S., M\u00fcller, O., Puntervoll, P., and Kleinegris, D.M.M. (2023). A closer look into the microbiome of microalgal cultures. Front. Microbiol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1108018"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e36503","article-title":"Diverse interactions between bacteria and microalgae: A review for enhancing harmful algal bloom mitigation and biomass processing efficiency","volume":"10","author":"Abate","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, A.K., Jaryal, S., Sharma, S., Dhyani, A., Tewari, B.S., and Mahato, N. (2025). Biofuels from Microalgae: A Review on Microalgae Cultivation, Biodiesel Production Techniques and Storage Stability. Processes, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr13020488"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-024-02588-7","article-title":"Microalgae: A multifaceted catalyst for sustainable solutions in renewable energy, food security, and environmental management","volume":"23","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Factories"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2021.06.017","article-title":"Towards industrial production of microalgae without temperature control: The effect of diel temperature fluctuations on microalgal physiology","volume":"336","author":"Barten","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-018-0879-x","article-title":"The promising future of microalgae: Current status, challenges, and optimization of a sustainable and renewable industry for biofuels, feed, and other products","volume":"17","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Factories"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/jpy.12061","article-title":"Auxin and cytokinin relationships in 24 microalgal strains1","volume":"49","author":"Stirk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-013-9867-7","article-title":"The effect of natural and synthetic auxins on the growth, metabolite content and antioxidant response of green alga Chlorella vulgaris (Trebouxiophyceae)","volume":"73","author":"Bajguz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fathy, W.A., AbdElgawad, H., Hashem, A.H., Essawy, E., Tawfik, E., Al-Askar, A.A., Abdelhameed, M.S., Hammouda, O., and Elsayed, K.N.M. (2023). Exploring Exogenous Indole-3-acetic Acid\u2019s Effect on the Growth and Biochemical Profiles of Synechocystis sp. PAK13 and Chlorella variabilis. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28145501"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Qi, M., Guo, J., Zhou, C., Yan, X., Ruan, R., and Cheng, P. (2021). The Active Phytohormone in Microalgae: The Characteristics, Efficient Detection, and Their Adversity Resistance Applications. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010046"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, X., Zeng, H., Bartocci, P., Fantozzi, F., and Yan, Y. (2018). Phytohormones and Effects on Growth and Metabolites of Microalgae: A Review. Fermentation, 4.","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation4020025"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2015.01.006","article-title":"Phytohormones in microalgae: A new opportunity for microalgal biotechnology?","volume":"20","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2007.00072.x","article-title":"Indole-3-acetic acid in microbial and microorganism-plant signaling","volume":"31","author":"Spaepen","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kachalkin, A., Glushakova, A., and Streletskii, R. (2022). Diversity of Endophytic Yeasts from Agricultural Fruits Positive for Phytohormone IAA Production. BioTech, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biotech11030038"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.1918","article-title":"Factors affecting chemical-based purification of DNA from Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Yeast"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1001761008817","article-title":"Identification and phylogeny of ascomycetous yeasts from analysis of nuclear large subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA partial sequences","volume":"73","author":"Kurtzman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120","article-title":"MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 11","volume":"38","author":"Tamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01731581","article-title":"A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences","volume":"16","author":"Kimura","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2911(08)60293-3","article-title":"Temperature Profiles of Yeasts","volume":"Volume 25","author":"Rose","year":"1985","journal-title":"Advances in Microbial Physiology"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.26.1.192","article-title":"Colorimetric Estimation of indoleacetic Acid","volume":"26","author":"Gordon","year":"1951","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, P.-F., Fang, W.-T., Shin, L.-Y., Wei, J.-Y., Fu, S.-F., and Chou, J.-Y. (2014). Indole-3-Acetic Acid-Producing Yeasts in the Phyllosphere of the Carnivorous Plant Drosera indica L.. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114196"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alca\u00edno, J., Veloso, C., Coche, M., Troncoso, D., and Baeza, M. (2025). Fungi in the Chilean Altiplano: Analyses of Diversity and Yeasts with Applied Enzymatic Potential. J. Fungi, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11080561"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jigjiddorj, E.-A., Baymbasuren, B., Battsengel, E.-U., and Jargalsaikhan, S. (2023, January 10\u201311). Identification and enzymatic activities of psychrophilic yeasts isolated from permafrost soil in Mongolia. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology (EST 2023), Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.","DOI":"10.2991\/978-94-6463-278-1_9"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1134\/S0026261716060187","article-title":"Quantitative determination of indole-3-acetic acid in yeasts using high performance liquid chromatography\u2014Tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"85","author":"Streletskii","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-012-1144-9","article-title":"Yeasts from phylloplane and their capability to produce indole-3-acetic acid","volume":"28","author":"Limtong","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2019.101547","article-title":"Effects of an auxin-producing symbiotic bacterium on cell growth of the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis: Elevation of cell density and prolongation of exponential stage","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"590413","article-title":"Characterization of indole-3-acetic acid-producing marine yeasts and their effect on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings","volume":"59","author":"Kaewkrajay","year":"2025","journal-title":"Agric. Nat. Resour."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149765","article-title":"A review on co-culturing of microalgae: A greener strategy towards sustainable biofuels production","volume":"802","author":"Ray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4236\/cweee.2020.94012","article-title":"The growth factors involved in microalgae cultivation for biofuel production: A review","volume":"9","author":"Chowdury","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Water Energy Environ. Eng."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"5110281","article-title":"Microalgae as Raw Materials for Aquafeeds: Growth Kinetics and Improvement Strategies of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Production","volume":"2023","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquac. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gce.2023.10.004","article-title":"Microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors: Sustainable solutions for a greener future","volume":"5","author":"Bahar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Green Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15253","article-title":"The ABC transporter Pdr18 is required for yeast thermotolerance due to its role in ergosterol transport and plasma membrane properties","volume":"23","author":"Godinho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fell, J. (2012). Yeasts in marine environments. Marine Fungi: And Fungal-Like Organisms, De Gruyter.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110264067.91"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/1567-1364.12158","article-title":"Marine yeast isolation and industrial application","volume":"14","author":"Zaky","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2023.103245","article-title":"The algal microbiome protects Desmodesmus intermedius from high light and temperature stress","volume":"75","author":"Samo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31170","article-title":"Microalgae-bacteria nexus for environmental remediation and renewable energy resources: Advances, mechanisms and biotechnological applications","volume":"10","author":"Abate","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2024.103455","article-title":"Optimization of a Chlorella\u2013Saccharomyces co\u2013culture system for enhanced metabolite productivity","volume":"79","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonnefond, H., Grimaud, G., Rumin, J., Bougaran, G., Talec, A., Gachelin, M., Boutoute, M., Pruvost, E., Bernard, O., and Sciandra, A. (2017). Continuous selection pressure to improve temperature acclimation of Tisochrysis lutea. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183547"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e19353","article-title":"Development of yeast and microalgae consortium biofilm growth system for biofuel production","volume":"9","author":"Bisht","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fungi"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/11\/11\/818\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T05:10:47Z","timestamp":1763615447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2309-608X\/11\/11\/818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["jof11110818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof11110818","relation":{},"ISSN":["2309-608X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2309-608X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]}}}