{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:34:26Z","timestamp":1770755666625,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Czech Ministry for Education, Youth and Sports and the European Regional Development Fund","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/15_003\/0000453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/15_003\/0000453"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During a survey of Phytophthora diversity in Panama, fast-growing oomycete isolates were obtained from naturally fallen leaves of an unidentified tree species in a tropical cloud forest. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences from the nuclear ITS, LSU and \u00dftub loci and the mitochondrial cox1 and cox2 genes revealed that they belong to a new species of a new genus, officially described here as Synchrospora gen. nov., which resided as a basal genus within the Peronosporaceae. The type species S. medusiformis has unique morphological characteristics. The sporangiophores show determinate growth, multifurcating at the end, forming a stunted, candelabra-like apex from which multiple (8 to &gt;100) long, curved pedicels are growing simultaneously in a medusa-like way. The caducous papillate sporangia mature and are shed synchronously. The breeding system is homothallic, hence more inbreeding than outcrossing, with smooth-walled oogonia, plerotic oospores and paragynous antheridia. Optimum and maximum temperatures for growth are 22.5 and 25\u201327.5 \u00b0C, consistent with its natural cloud forest habitat. It is concluded that S. medusiformis as adapted to a lifestyle as a canopy-dwelling leaf pathogen in tropical cloud forests. More oomycete explorations in the canopies of tropical rainforests and cloud forests are needed to elucidate the diversity, host associations and ecological roles of oomycetes and, in particular, S. medusiformis and possibly other Synchrospora taxa in this as yet under-explored habitat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9050517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T04:30:47Z","timestamp":1682569847000},"page":"517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Synchrospora gen. nov., a New Peronosporaceae Genus with Aerial Lifestyle from a Natural Cloud Forest in Panama"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2034-0718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Phytophthora Research and Consultancy, 83131 Nu\u00dfdorf, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5813-5376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yilmaz","family":"Balci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA-APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine, 4700 River Road, Riverdale, MD 20737, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8569-6005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirk D.","family":"Broders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Panam\u00e1, Panama City 0843-03092, Panama"},{"name":"USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Peoria, IL 61604, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2792-0221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Milenkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Vi\u0161eslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Janou\u0161ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6286-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Kudl\u00e1\u010dek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Biljana","family":"\u0110or\u0111evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2219-8647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marilia","family":"Horta Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Phytophthora Research and Consultancy, 83131 Nu\u00dfdorf, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dick, M.W. 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