{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:26:32Z","timestamp":1760059592997,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Informal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer\u2019s disease often experience high levels of emotional, physical, and psychological burden. Personalized nursing interventions are essential to support these caregivers and promote their well-being. Objectives: The objective of this study was to implement and evaluate a personalized psychoeducational intervention\u2014Curae de Mim (Care for Me)\u2014designed to reduce caregivers\u2019 burden and enhance the emotional resilience among informal caregivers for people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted with 14 informal caregivers in a Portuguese community healthcare setting. The intervention consisted of six weekly group sessions guided by a mental health nurse, using cognitive\u2013behavioral and recovery-oriented approaches. Results: After the intervention, the caregivers\u2019 burden scores decreased significantly. The mean burden score dropped from 78 to 50. The thematic analysis revealed two key outcomes: emotional empowerment through peer interactions and reframing of the caregiver\u2019s role through knowledge and self-care. Conclusions: This program proved effective in reducing caregivers\u2019 burden and promoting adaptive coping. The integration of narrative reflection and specialized nursing care contributed to improved mental health outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15070270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T03:53:02Z","timestamp":1750823582000},"page":"270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Curae de Mim (Care for Me): A Personalized Alzheimer\u2019s Care Nursing Intervention for Informal Caregivers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7969-8242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina In\u00eas Costa","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Member of RISE-Health, School of Health Sciences of Santar\u00e9m, Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, Quinta do Mergulh\u00e3o Sr\u00aa da Guia, 2005-075 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0721-3343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Sp\u00ednola Madeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Member of RISE-Health, School of Health Sciences of Santar\u00e9m, Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, Quinta do Mergulh\u00e3o Sr\u00aa da Guia, 2005-075 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1003-5990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alcinda","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Member of RISE-Health, School of Health Sciences of Santar\u00e9m, Polytechnic Institute of Santar\u00e9m, Quinta do Mergulh\u00e3o Sr\u00aa da Guia, 2005-075 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4459-4950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Local Health Unit of the Leiria Region, 2400-441 Leiria, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2017). Global Strategy and Action Plan on Ageing and Health, WHO. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241513500."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (2011). Help Wanted? Providing and Paying for Long-Term Care, OECD Publishing."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2009.11.2\/hbrodaty","article-title":"Family caregivers of people with dementia","volume":"11","author":"Brodaty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000336406.45248.4c","article-title":"Physical and mental health effects of family caregiving","volume":"108","author":"Schulz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610214000039","article-title":"Physiological and functional consequences of caregiving for relatives with dementia","volume":"26","author":"Fonareva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2016.1211621","article-title":"Psychological well-being over time among informal caregivers caring for persons with dementia living at home","volume":"21","author":"Lethin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Sequeira, C. (2020). Interven\u00e7\u00e3o psicoeducativa com cuidadores informais. Cuidar de Pessoas com Dem\u00eancia: Um Guia Para Cuidadores Informais, Formasau."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Government of Canada (2019). A Dementia Strategy for Canada: Together We Aspire, Public Health Agency of Canada. Available online: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/publications\/diseases-conditions\/dementia-strategy.html."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Department of Health (2009). Living Well with Dementia: A National Dementia Strategy, HMSO."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth (2021). Pflegezeitgesetz (Care Leave Act), BMFSFJ."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Australian Government (2025, May 18). Carer Gateway: Support for Carers, Available online: https:\/\/www.carergateway.gov.au\/."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o-Geral da Sa\u00fade (2020). Programa Nacional para a Sa\u00fade Mental 2020, DGS."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silaule, O., Casteleijn, D., Adams, F., and Nkosi, N.G. (2024). Strategies to Alleviate the Burden Experienced by Informal Caregivers of Persons with Severe Mental Disorders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Scoping Review. Interact. J. Med. Res., 13.","DOI":"10.2196\/48587"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barker, P., and Buchanan-Barker, P. (2005). The Tidal Model: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203340172"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Tschudin, V. (2013). Ethics in Nursing: The Caring Relationship, Elsevier Health Sciences. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"George, T. (2025, May 18). Mixed Methods Research: Definition, Guide & Examples. Available online: https:\/\/www.scribbr.com\/methodology\/mixed-methods-research\/."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2850.2001.00391.x","article-title":"The tidal model: Developing an empowering, person-centered approach to recovery within psychiatric and mental health nursing","volume":"8","author":"Barker","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.2003.01234.x","article-title":"The experience of recovery from schizophrenia: Towards an empirically validated stage model","volume":"37","author":"Andresen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"9","article-title":"Adapta\u00e7\u00e3o e valida\u00e7\u00e3o da Escala de Sobrecarga do Cuidador para a popula\u00e7\u00e3o portuguesa","volume":"2","author":"Sequeira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev. Ref."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lincoln, Y.S., and Guba, E.G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry, Sage Publications.","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.5107","article-title":"The Zarit Burden Interview in Portugal: Validity and recommendations in dementia and palliative care","volume":"27","author":"Zarit","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta M\u00e9dica Port."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Gallego, M., and G\u00f3mez-Gallego, J.C. (2021). Predictors of caregiver burden of patients with Alzheimer disease attending day-care centres. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182010707"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Madrid, M.N., del R\u00edo-Lozano, M., Fern\u00e1ndez-Pe\u00f1a, R., and Garc\u00eda-Calvente, M.d.M. (2021). Changes in caregiver personal support networks: Gender differences and effects on health (CUIDAR-SE study). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111723"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12612-3","article-title":"Gender differences in the relationship between informal caregiving and subjective health: the mediating role of health promoting behaviors","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14286","article-title":"Effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention for caregivers of people with dementia with regard to burden, anxiety and depression: A systematic review","volume":"76","author":"Frias","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.08.002","article-title":"Sense of coherence, burden and mental health in caregiving: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"242","author":"Orgeta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Mart\u00ednez, V., Cauli, O., and Corch\u00f3n, S. (2024). Long-term caregiving impact and self-care strategies in family caregivers of people with neuropsychiatric disorders: A mixed-method study. Diseases, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12110292"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05562-5","article-title":"The psychoeducational interventions: A valuable communication tool to support the caregiver of people with dementia","volume":"24","author":"Cintoli","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.3233\/ADR-230067","article-title":"The Effectiveness of a Community Nurse-Led Support Program for Dementia Caregivers in Chinese Communities: The Chongqing Ageing and Dementia Study","volume":"7","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.4236\/psych.2019.1011092","article-title":"Development of narrative approach for family caregiver\u2019s QOL at home hospice and contents of narrative","volume":"10","author":"Ando","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychology"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000401","article-title":"The effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for informal dementia caregivers: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721413475622","article-title":"Narrative Identity","volume":"22","author":"McAdams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2010.08.001","article-title":"Tell me a story\u2014A conceptual exploration of storytelling in healthcare education","volume":"31","author":"Haigh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Ordem dos Enfermeiros (2015). Regulamento n.\u00ba 356\/2015 de 25 de Junho. Regulamento dos Padr\u00f5es de Qualidade dos Cuidados Especializados em Enfermagem de Sa\u00fade Mental, Di\u00e1rio da Rep\u00fablica. 2.\u00aa s\u00e9rie. N.\u00ba 122."}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/15\/7\/270\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:58:04Z","timestamp":1760032684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/15\/7\/270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm15070270"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm15070270","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4426"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]}}}